Giải SGK, SBT Unit 6. The green movement Bright

1. Listen and repeat. Match the green energy sources (1-6) to their descriptions (A-F).

(Nghe và lặp lại. Nối các nguồn năng lượng xanh (1-6) với mô tả của chúng (A-F).)

2. Choose the word that has the underlined part pronounced differently from the others. Then listen and check. Practise saying them with a partner.

(Chọn từ có phần gạch chân phát âm khác với các từ còn lại. Sau đó nghe và kiểm tra. Luyện tập nói chúng với bạn cùng bàn.)

1. A. energy     B. geothermal               C. power             D. heater

2. A. power      B. solar                            C. hydroelectric D. geothermal

3. A. tidal          B. turbine         C. wind              D. biomass

4. A. waste       B. wave             C. water            D. generate

3. Listen to a man talking about green energy concerns. Which two green energy sources (1-6) in Exercise 1 does he consider the most important? Write in your notebook.

(Nghe một người đàn ông nói về mối lo ngại về năng lượng xanh. Hai nguồn năng lượng xanh (1-6) về bài tập 1 mà ông ấy cho là quan trọng nhất. Viết vào vở bài tập.)

4. Which green energy source (1-6) in exercise 1 are popular in your country? Tell your partner.

1. Read the title and look at the picture. What do you think the text is about? Listen/Watch and read to check.

(Đọc tiêu đề và nhìn vào bức tranh? Bạn nghĩ bài đọc nói về điều gì? Nghe/Xem và đọc để kiểm tra.)

2. Read the text. For questions (1-3), choose the best answers (A,B, C or D).

(Đọc bài khóa. Với các câu hỏi (1-3), chọn đáp án đúng (A, B, C và D).)

Powering the Future

As we continue to face the impacts of climate change, having a green environment has become increasingly important to the future of our society. To achieve this, the world is shifting towards green energy, and two particular types of energy at the centre of this movement are solar power and wind power.

Solar power is all about harnessing the energy of the sun by using solar panels to convert sunlight into usable electricity. This highly efficient form of energy produces zero emissions, so it can significantly reduce our carbon footprint. Moreover, solar panels are perfect for installation on a small scale, such as in private homes, since they require very little maintenance and have a long lifespan. However, the ability to generate solar power depends on the time of day and weather conditions. This means that solar panels are often less useful it they are installed in places where sunny weather is not typical.

Wind power, on the other hand, involves converting the energy of the wind into electricity using large turbines. Wind power doesn't produce any greenhouse gases, but it is not ideal for private use since turbines require consistent care. However, wind farms can be installed on a large scale and are able to produce electricity continuously regardless of the time of day. This means that if there were more investments in wind power, it could be a viable way to provide energy for major cities and even for whole regions.

Wind and solar power contribute significantly to a green environment by reducing our reliance on fossil fuels, helping us cut down on pollution and slow climate change. Additionally, using renewable energy sources helps promote spending on sustainable development by creating new career opportunities in the green energy sector.

For now, the biggest challenge of adopting green energy is the costs associated with installation and infrastructure, but the benefits unquestionably outweigh the downsides. If we want to stop the climate crisis and create a better and more sustainable future, green energy sources will undoubtedly be the key.

1. According to paragraph 2, what is TRUE about solar power?

A. They create fewer emissions.

B. They contribute to our carbon footprint.

C. They aren't well suited to personal use.

D. They can be used for long periods.

2. According to paragraph 4, what is NOT mentioned regarding wind and solar power?

A. They make us reliant on green energy.

B. They help combat climate change.

C. They encourage investment in green energy.

D They create new jobs for people.

3. What can be inferred from the last paragraph of the text?

A. The downsides of green energy could soon outweigh the benefits.

B Green energy will enhance green living.

C. Green energy costs are rising.

D. There exists little infrastructure for renewable energy at present.

3. Read the text again. Write S (solar panels) or W (wind turbines).

(Đọc lại bài khóa lần nữa. Viết S (năng lượng mặt trời) hoặc W (trục quay gió.)

Which kind of green energy technology ...

1. produces significantly more energy in some places than others?

2. needs to be maintained on a regular basis?

3. can be used continuously?

4. provides a consistent source of power?

5. is best suited to powering large areas?

4. Which of the energy sources mentioned in the text is most suited to your area? Why?

 a) Fill in each gap with affordable, permanent, dependence, harness, abundant or maintenance. Then listen and check.

(Điền vào mỗi chỗ trống với affordable, permanent, dependence, harness, abundant or maintenance. Sau đó nghe và kiểm tra.)

Wind and solar energy are crucial parts of the world's vision for the future. Here are a few of the amazing advantages of using wind and solar energy.

A. 1) _____ free source of electricity

B. significantly lower energy bills in winter

C. more 2) _____ to install

D. minimal operational and 3) _____ costs

E. silent and space-saving

F. ability to 4) _____ electricity in sunny areas

G. recyclable and reusable panels

H. turbines functional in various settings

I. reduced 5) _____ on fossil fuel supplies

J. energy production beneficial to local communities

K. ability to store and generate power day and night

L 6) _____ and cheap power

 b) Which advantages (A-L) in Exercise 5a are related to wind energy and which to solar energy? Which are related to both? Can you think of other advantages?

(Lợi ích nào (A-L) trong bài 5a có liên quan đến năng lượng gió hoặc năng lượng mặt trời? Cái nào liên quan đến cả hai. Bạn có thể nghĩ ra những lợi ích khác không?)

 a) Choose the correct option. Then listen and check.

(Chọn đáp án đúng. Nghe và kiểm tra.)

Renewable energy sources have developed quickly over the past decades, resulting in undeniable benefits for humans and the global environment. Here are some of the advantages of renewable energy in comparison with fossil fuels.

Renewable energy sources ...

• are infinite energy sources that won't be 1) depleted/depletion.

• emit few harmful 2) pollutants/pollution.

• are not 3) impact/impactful to the environment.

• are reliable and 4) consisting/consistent sources.

• aid in the 5) reduction/reduced of global healthcare costs.

• promote economic development through the manufacturing and 6) install/installation of green energy technology.

• result in more 7) prediction/predictable energy prices.

• reduce dependence on 8) importation/ imported fuels.

 b) Can you think of other advantages? Tell your partner.

(Bạn có thể nghĩ ra những lợi ích khác không? Nói với bạn cùng bàn.)

VALUE (Giá trị) Green energy (Năng lượng xanh)

 Do you agree with the following statements? Why/Why not?

(Bạn có đồng ý với các phát biểu sau không? Tại sao? Tại sao không?)

Green energy ... (Năng lượng xanh)

1. improves people's quality of life.

(cải thiện chất lượng cuộc sống của con người.)

2. is an expensive long-term energy solution.

(là một giải pháp dài hạn đắt đỏ.)

3. is an environmentally friendly energy solution.

(là một phương án năng lượng thân thiện với môi trường.)

1. Match the sentences (1-3) to their uses (a-c). Then say which type of conditional each one is.

(Nối các câu (1-3) với các cách dùng (a-c). Sau đó nói xem mỗi câu thuộc loại câu điều kiện nào.)

1. ___ If I were you, I would switch from the petrol car to an electric one.

2. ___ If we used LED light bulbs, our electric bills wouldn't be that high.

3. ___ If I have free time this weekend, I will go to the green energy club with you.

a. real situations that are likely to happen in the present/future

b. unreal or imaginary situations in the present/ future

c. giving advice

2. Choose the correct option.

(Chọn đáp án đúng.)

1. We _____ fewer greenhouse gases if we weren't so reliant on fossil fuels for transport.

A. will produce               B. produced      C. produce        D. would produce

2. If we _____ less fossil fuel, we would create fewer emissions.

A. use                  B. used                C. will use          D. would use

3. I will attend the green energy seminar this weekend if I _____ time.

A. had                 B. have                C. will have       D. would have

4. _____ fewer environmental pollutants if everyone used hydroelectric power?

A. Would there be                        B. Were there

C. Will there be                             D. Are there

5. We _____ our dependence on imported fuels unless we use alternative energy sources.

A. wouldn't reduce                      B. won't reduce

C. don't reduce                                            D. didn't reduce

6. We would have some wind turbines here in my village if they _____ so much maintenance.

A. don't require                                           B. won't require             

C. didn't require                           D. wouldn't require

7. If _____, I would install solar panels on the roof of my home.

A. I were you                                 B. I will be you

C. I weren't you                            D. I would be you

3. Choose the option (A, B, C or D) to indicate the underlined part that needs correction.

(Chọn đáp án A, B, C hoặc D để chỉ ra phần gạch chân cần sửa lại cho đúng.)

1. We will (A) have (B) more wind turbines now if (C) they weren't so (D) expensive.

2. If (A) Mandy would be (B) prime minister next year, she would invest (C) more money in (D) tidal energy.

3. She will cycle (A) to her (B) office tomorrow unless (C) it rained (D).

4. It we will start (A) a carpool next month (B), we will be able to (C) reduce our (D) carbon footprint.

5. Unless (A) we don't invest (B) in green energy sources, we will continue (C) to rely on (D) non-renewable sources.

4. Rewrite the sentences for each situation, using conditional type 1 or 2. Write in your notebook.

1. People don't want to use fossil fuels because they create emissions.

If fossil fuels didn't create emissions, people would use them./People would use fossil fuels if they didn't create emissions.

2. Susan is ill now, so she won't attend the seminar on green energy tonight.

3. I have to work on my project on geothermal power, so I won't come to your house

4. This motorbike uses petrol, so we won't buy it.

5. Fiona wants to buy an electric bike, but she needs to save enough money first.

5. Complete the sentences using conditional type 1 or 2. Make them true for you. Tell your partner.

(Hoàn thành các câu sau sử dụng câu điều kiện loại 1 hoặc 2. Viết nó đúng với bạn. Nói với bạn cùng bàn của bạn.)

1. If I have time today, _____.

2. If I lived closer to my school, _____.

3. If I were a leader of my country, _____.

4. If I ____________________________. 

5. If _____________________________.

6. Put the verbs in brackets into the correct forms of conditional type 3. 

(Điền dạng đúng của động từ trong ngoặc theo câu điều kiện loại 3.)

1. Jason would have come to the talk on geothermal energy if we _____ (tell) him about our plans. 

2. If  I had known that product was bad for the environment, I _____ (not/choose) it. 

3. If they _____ (switch) to using wind energy earlier, they would have saved a lot of money. 

4. We _____ (not/buy) this car if we had realised that it could produce lots of pollution. 

5. Ann would have purchased solar panels for her home if she _____ (be) able to afford them. 

6. I _____ (not/know) about how biomass energy works if I hadn't watched the video. 

7. Rewrite the sentences for each situation using conditional type 3. Write in your notebook. 

(Viết lại các câu sau cho mỗi tình huống dùng câu điều kiện loại 3. Viết vào vở bài tập.)

1. I didn't know the lights were on and that's why I didn't turn them off.

2. They used so much electricity and that's why their bill was so high. 

3. Maria went to the conference on hydroelectric power late because she forgot to check the timetable. 

4. We learnt that the car wasn't solar-powered, so we didn't buy it. 

5. I stopped using coal to heat my home last year, and it has become eco-friendly since then.

8. Choose the correct option.

(Chọn đáp án đúng.) 

1. If I had known about the importance of green energy, I _____ it from the start. 

A. will support                                            B. would support          

C. would have supported                          D. supported 

2. If I were elected to the city council, I _____ a push for more sustainable energy initiatives. 

A. will make                                                 B. would make 

C. would have made                                   D. made 

3. If we don't take steps to address climate change, we _____ the consequences soon. 

A. had faced                                                 B. would face 

C. would have faced                                   D. will face 

4. If we continue to use fossil fuels we _____ our planet. 

A. would have damaged                            B. damaged 

C. would damage                                        D. will damage 

5. Unless we _____ energy, the energy crisis will become worse. 

A. conserve                                                   B. don't conserve 

C. didn't conserve                                       D. conserved 

6. If I _____ you were interested in geothermal power, I would have invited you to the talk about it yesterday. 

A. knew                                                         B. have known 

C. had known                                              D. know 

9. Make sentences that are true about you using conditional type 1, 2 or 3. 

(Viết các câu đúng về bạn dùng các câu điều kiện loại 1, 2, hoặc 3.)

If I save enough money, I will purchase an electric bike to reduce my carbon footprint. 

(Nếu tôi tiết kiệm đủ tiền, tôi sẽ mua một xe đạp điện để giảm khí thải cacbon.)

If I were my sister, I would join the green living club at the school. 

(Nếu tôi là chị tôi, tôi sẽ tham gia vào câu lạc bộ sống xanh ở trường.)

Last week, if I had known about the workshop on tidal energy, I would have attended.

(Tuần trước, nếu tôi biết về hội thảo về năng lượng thủy triều, tôi đã tham dự.)

1.  How often do you engage in discussions about green environment? Where and with whom?

(Bạn có thường tham gia vào các cuộc thảo luận về môi trường xanh không? Ở đâu và với ai?)

2. You are going to listen to four dialogues. Read the questions and the answer choices in Exercise 3. Which dialogue takes place ...

(Bạn sẽ nghe bốn đoạn hội thoại. Đọc các câu hỏi và các lựa chọn trong bài tập 3. Đoạn hội nào xảy ra ở…)

• at someone's home? (ở nhà một ai đó)

• in a classroom? (ở lớp?)

• at a fair? (ở hội chợ)

• at a newsagent's?  (ở một quầy bán báo)

3. Listen to the dialogues. For questions (1-4), choose the best answers.

(Lắng nghe các đoạn hội thoại. Với các câu hỏi (1-4), chọn đáp án đúng nhất.)

1. James and Annie are talking about recycling. What kind of recyclable waste will their local council collect?

A. metal            B. plastic          C. glass              D. organic

2. Tom and Lucy are talking about some eco-friendly products and activities. What will they do first?

A. buy eco-friendly souvenirs            B. eat organic street food

C. attend an environmental workshop

D. sign up with a charity

3. Two students are preparing a school project. What topic do they choose?

A. air pollution                                         B. climate change

C. energy waste                                        D. water pollution

4. Two friends are discussing an article about a new green energy project. Which energy source will the project involve?

A. solar power                                          B. geothermal energy

C. biomass fuel                                         D. hydroelectric power

4. You are going to listen to a podcast about tidal energy. Read the note. What type of word is missing in each gap?

(Bạn sẽ nghe một chương trình radio kĩ thuật số về năng lượng thuỷ triều. Đọc ghi chú. Loại từ nào bị thiếu ở mỗi chỗ trống.)

THE POTENTIAL OF TIDAL ENERGY

What is it?

• Utilising the power of 1) _____ to generate electricity

How is it useful?

• Providing a 2) _____ flow of energy all the year round.

• A practical option for 3) _____ that want to use green energy

Where can it be best utilised?

• In places where oceans and seas are 4) _____ like Vietnam

• Vietnam could lead the way in tidal energy  5) _____.

5. Listen and fill in the gaps (1-5) in Exercise 4. Write NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS for each answer.

(Lắng nghe và điền vào các chỗ trống (1-5) trong bài tập 4. Viết KHÔNG QUÁ HAI TỪ cho mỗi câu trả lời.)

 Look at the picture. Circle the correct phrasal verb.

(Nhìn vào bức tranh. Khoanh tròn vào cụm động từ đúng.)

If you drop out/ drop off the rubbish of the recycling bin, I will be very pleased.

No problem!

 a) Match the environmental problems (1-6) to the solutions (a-f). Then listen and check.

(Nối các vấn đề môi trường (1-6) với các giải pháp (a-f). Sau đó nghe và kiểm tra.)

b) Can you think of other solutions to the problems (1-6)?

a) Listen and read the dialogue. What are Ben's suggestions about overloaded landfills?

(Nghe và đọc đoạn hội thoại. Đề nghị của Ben về các bãi rác quá tải là gì?)

Ann: I have concerns regarding the waste our town produces. It could cause some serious issues soon.

Ben: What do you mean?

Ann: It's worrying that there's so much rubbish in the local landfill now. Something needs to change before they become overloaded.

Ben: What do you think if we make posters to raise awareness of the problem in our community?

Ann: That's a start. What else can we do?

Ben: It might be a good idea to replace disposal items like plastic cups with reusable ones to reduce waste.

Ann: Great idea!

 b) Which of the underlined phrases are used for expressing concerns?/making suggestions?

(Cụm từ gạch chân nào dưới đây được dùng để thể hiện sự lo lắng?/ và đưa ra đề nghị?)

 c) Replace the underlined phrases with I propose that, I find it concerning they have some worries about and It would be wise to. Think of more similar phrases.

(Thay thế các cụm từ gạch chân với I propose that, I find it concerning they have some worries about và It would be wise to. Nghĩ thêm những cụm tương tự khác.)

3. Act out a similar dialogue to the one in Exercise 2a. Use the diagram below. Mind the intonation and rhythm.

(Diễn một đoạn hội thoại tương tự đoạn trong bài tập 2a. Dùng sơ đồ bên dưới. Chú ý ngữ âm và ngữ điệu.)

A: Express your concern about an issue.

B: Ask for more information.

A: Reply with your concern.

B: Make a suggestion.

A: Agree. Ask for more ideas.

B: Suggest another idea.

A. Say you like the idea.

(A: Thể hiện mối quan tâm của bạn về một vấn đề.

B: Hỏi để biết thêm thông tin.

Đáp: Trả lời mối quan tâm của bạn.

B: Đưa ra lời đề nghị.

Đ: Đồng ý. Hỏi thêm ý tưởng.

B: Đề xuất một ý tưởng khác.

A. Nói rằng bạn thích ý tưởng đó.)

4. Listen and repeat. Which sound is added in each pair of words in each sentence? Practise saying them.

(Nghe và lặp lại. Âm nào được thêm vào mỗi cặp từ? Luyện tập nói chúng.)

1. Read the essay. What is it about?

(Đọc bài luận. Nó nói về điều gì.)

Ending the Energy Crisis!

A. The climate crisis, which threatens both the global economy and the environment, is undoubtedly one of the most concerning issues of the twenty-first century. With energy demand increasing year after year, it is critical that we find solutions to this problem. So, what are some suitable solutions?

B. The first suggestion is that we should reduce our energy consumption. For example, we should turn off lights and electronics when they are not in use. We need to switch from traditional bulbs to more efficient alternatives that use less power and last much longer. This would result in lower energy demand and consumption.

C. Another useful suggestion would be to invest in renewable energy sources. In particular, if we could install more wind farms and solar power stations, we would reduce our reliance on fossil fuels. They also provide a clean source of renewable energy and boost economic growth.

D. Overall, reducing energy consumption and investing in renewable energy sources are important solutions to the energy crisis. If we take these steps, we will be able to help protect the environment and ensure a more sustainable future. Why not start reducing our energy consumption today?

2. Read the essay again. Which paragraph…

(Đọc bài luận lại lần nữa. Đoạn văn nào…)

• includes the writer's first suggestion and expected results?

• states the topic?

• summarises main points and expresses an opinion?

• includes the writer's second suggestion and expected results?

3.  Read the essay again. Underline the transitional words/phrases and pronouns.

(Đọc lại bài luận. Gạch chân dưới các từ/cụm từ chuyển tiếp và các đại từ .)

4. Match the solutions (1-2) to the examples (a-b) and expected results (c-d).

(Nối các giải pháp (1-2) đến các ví dụ (a-b) và kết quả mong đợi (c-d).)

5. You will submit an English essay to your school magazine suggesting solutions to our society's energy inefficiency problem. Answer the questions.

(Bạn sẽ nộp một bài luận tiếng Anh cho tạp chí của trường về việc đề nghị các giải pháp về vấn đề năng lượng kém hiệu quả. Trả lời các câu hỏi sau.)

1. What are you going to write? Who for?

(Bạn định sẽ viết gì? Cho ai?)

2. What solutions with examples can you suggest?

(Những giải pháp với ví dụ nào mà bạn có thể đề nghị.)

3 What are the expected results?

(Những kết quả được mong đợi là gì?)

6. Write your essay (about 180-200 words).

(Viết bài luận của bạn (khoảng 180-200 từ).)

Introduction   (Paragraph 1) stating the topic

Main body      (Paragraph 2) writing the first suggestion with example(s) and expected result(s)

(Paragraph 3) writing the second suggestion with example(s) and expected result(s)

Conclusion      (Paragraph 4) summarising your points, stating your opinion

7. Check your essay for spelling/grammar mistakes. Then, in pairs, swap your essays and check each other's work.

(Kiểm tra lỗi chính tả, lỗi ngữ pháp trong bài luận của bạn. Sau đó đổi bài theo cặp và kiểm tra bài làm của đối phương.)

1. Look at the photos and choose the correct option. Then fill in the gaps (1-4).

(Nhìn vào bức tranh và chọn đáp án đúng. Sau đó điền vào các chỗ trống (1-4).)

Pronunciation (Phát âm)

Vowel review (Ôn tập về nguyên âm)

2. Choose the word that has the underlined part pronounced differently from the others.

(Chọn từ có phần phát âm khác với các từ còn lại.)

1. A. talk                     B. make                       C. wave                       D. waste

2. A. ocean                  B. ozone                      C. homeland                D. power

3. A. petrol                  B. problem                  C. fossil                       D. product

4. A. silent                   B. tidal                        C. windy                     D. mighty 

3. Read the text. Choose the option (A, B, C or D) that best fits each gap (1-5).

BIOMASS FUEL AND TIDAL ENERGY

Biomass is material that comes from trees, recycled paper, animal waste, food waste and some crops, such as corn, soy and sugar cane. In other words, most kinds of produce waste can be converted to biomass fuel.

The biomass is dried and then burnt as biomass fuel to create heat or generate electricity. Biomass fuel is easy 1) _____ for use when we need it. However, burning biomass produces carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas, so it is not completely environmentally friendly. The good news is that biomass fuel is carbon neutral 2) _____ it only releases the same amount of carbon into the atmosphere as the plants, the source of biomass fuel, absorb in their life cycle. We can also make biofuel from biomass and use it to power vehicles.

Biofuel produces 3) _____ emissions than regular petrol. To illustrate, E5 petrol contains 95% of normal petrol and 5% of ethanol, a kind of biofuel; E5 really helps reduce the carbon emission from traffic. However, growing crops for biomass fuel uses a lot of land and is only renewable if we replant trees.

Tidal energy involves converting the energy of the waves in large bodies of water such as seas, oceans and lakes 4) _____ electricity. We can harness this kind of energy by installing large turbines on the seabed or below the sea surface. Similar 5) _____ hydroelectricity, continuous ocean currents can turn huge turbines and generate electricity. Tidal power doesn't produce any greenhouse gases, and it is a highly efficient form of energy because it can produce electricity continuously at all times of the year. However, tidal power hasn't been popular yet because it requires huge investments, effective management and regular maintenance.

1. A. store                    B. storing                    C. to store                    D. to storing

2. A. because               B. so                            C. but                          D. although

3. A. less                     B. fewer                      C. few                         D. little

4. A. into                     B. from                        C. in                            D. with

5. A. in                        B. to                            C. with                        D. as

4. Read the text again and decide if each of the statements (1-5) is T (true), F (false).

(Đọc lại bài khóa và quyết định xem mỗi phát biểu dưới đây (1-5) là đúng hay sai.)

1. Humans can create biomass fuel from only plants.

2. Motorbikes and cars can run on biofuel.

3. Biofuel is not completely green.

4. Tidal energy creates electricity from the turbines near the sea.

5. Tidal energy is highly efficient, and it has wide popularity.

Vocabulary (Từ vựng)

Advantages of renewable energy (Lợi ích của năng lượng tái tạo)

5. Match the words in the two columns.

(Nối các từ trong hai cột.)

6. Fill in each gap with affordable, permanent, harness, abundant, dependence or maintenance.

(Điền vào mỗi chỗ trống với affordable, permanent, harness, abundant, dependence or maintenance.)

A: Hi, Mike! I'm attending a seminar on green energy sources. Are you interested in joining me?

B: Sure! The power of the sun and the wind is 1) _____ in Asia. I'd love to find out how we can develop new technology.

A: Lots of Asian nations can develop renewable energy effectively, especially in sunny or windy areas. We must 2) _____ electricity potential in nature and reduce our 3) _____ on fossil fuels soon.

B: Do green energy sources have high 4) _____ costs?

A: I'm sure the seminar will give you all the answers.

B: Well, the new technology should be more 5) _____ to install to ensure our future sustainable development.

A: Absolutely! It's vital to take advantage of 6) _____ free sources of energy like the wind and the sun.

7. Choose the correct option.

(Chọn đáp án đúng.)

1. Is wind power _____ to the ecosystem?

A. impact                    B. impacted                 C. impactful

2. Energy prices will become more _____ in the future.

A. predicted                B. predicting               C. predictable

3. Unfortunately, we are heavily dependent on _____ fuels.

A. imported                 B. importing                C. importation

4. We need more _____ sources.

A. consistent               B. consisted                 C. consisting

5. Is the _____ of turbines costly?

A. installed                  B. install                      C. installation

6. Fossil fuels run the risk of _____ in the near future.

A. depletion                B. deplete                    C. depleted

7. There are quite a lot of _____ in the atmosphere.

A. pollute                    B. pollutants                C. polluting

8. A _____ of energy costs will boost the economy.

A. reduced                   B. reducing                 C. reduction 

8. Fill in each gap with the correct word from the list.

• imported • consistent • impactful • depletion • pollutants • predictable • reduction • installation

1. Fewer _____ fuels would mean more energy independence.

2. Are these sources reliable and _____?

3. Solar power is not _____ to the environment.

4. Wind and solar power will never suffer from _____.

5 Factories emit harmful _____ into the air.

6. The future energy prices are not _____.

7. These turbines are silent and space-saving, and offer a huge _____ in costs.

8. Our company specialises in the manufacturing and _____ of solar panels. 

Conditionals types 1 and 2 (Câu điều kiện loại 1 và 2)

1. Choose the correct option. (Chọn đáp án đúng.)

1. Would you join an environmental group if you have/if you had some free time?

2. We'd surely save/’ll surely save a lot of money if we use these light bulbs.

3. If I were you, I'll have/I'd have solar panels installed in the house.

4. If they switch to solar power next month, I'm sure they will save/would save on their electricity bills.

5. Would/Will our economy be boosted if we were less dependent on fossil fuels?

6. The climate crisis won't get any better if/ unless we use renewable energy sources. 

2. Choose the option (A, B, C or D) to indicate the underlined part that needs correction.

(Chọn A, B, C hoặc D để chỉ ra phần gạch chân cần được sửa.)

1 If (A) I were you, I will (B) have solar panels installed (C) on (D) the house roof.

2 If (A) we use (B) more fossil fuels, we will (C) have few emissions (D).

3. Your carbon footprint would (A) be (B) smaller if you (C) switch to (D) solar power.

4. Would your dad switch (A) to the (B) electric car if he can (C) afford (D) one?

5. The coal-fired power plant will be (A) closed if (B) a tidal power plant were (C) built (D) near our town. 

Conditional type 3 (Câu điều kiện loại 3)

3. Fill in each gap with the verbs in the list. Use the third conditional.

(Điền vào chỗ trống với các động từ trong danh sách.)

• not switch • save • take • install • know

1. I would have bought it if I _____ it was a foldable car.

2. If the government _____ action on the energy crisis, we wouldn't have paid so much for electricity last year.

3. They would have sold the house at a higher price if they _____ solar panels.

4. If you had started using LED light bulbs last year, you _____ more money.

5. Last year, if our town _____ to green energy, we would not have enhanced the local living environment 

4. Choose the correct option. (Chọn đáp án đúng.)

1. If Cathy has some free time at the weekend, she _____ a seminar on geothermal power.

A. would attend          B. will attend              C. attends                    D. would have attended

2. I _____this car if I had known it caused so much pollution.

A. would have bought                                     B. wouldn't buy

C. wouldn't have bought                                 D. would buy

3. If I were a city planner, I _____ green energy technology here.

A. would use               B. will use                   C. used                        D. use

4. Unless they _____ solar panels to be economical in the long run, we wouldn't have decided to use them in our area.

A. hadn't proved         B. had proved              C. didn't prove            D. proved

5. If we _____ in tidal energy in this area, we would reduce our dependence on fossil fuels.

A. invested                  B. invest                      C. had invested           D. would invest

1. Listen to four people talking about different types of energy sources and their benefit. For questions (1-4), choose the best answer (A, B or C).

(Lắng nghe bốn người nói về những loại năng lượng khác nhau và lợi ích của chúng. Với các câu hỏi (1 – 4) chọn đáp án đúng nhất (A, B hoặc C).)

1. Which energy source is Max talking about?

A. solar power            B. wind power            C. hydroelectric power

2. Who does Anna think should spend money on wind power?

A. households             B. businesses               C. the local government

3. What is the most important thing to Will?

A. reducing carbon emissions

B. using green energy

C. limiting fossil fuels

4. What benefit does Susan mention?

A. paying lower bills

B. using more electricity

C. buying cheaper fossil fuels

2. Listen to a podcast about geothermal energy. Write ONE WORD AND/OR A NUMBER for each answer.

(Lắng nghe một chương trình radio kĩ thuật số về năng lượng địa nhiệt. Viết MỘT TỪ VÀ/HOẶC MỘT SỐ cho mỗi câu trả lời.)

• The source of geothermal energy is from Earth's 1) _____ with the temperature over 4000°Farenheit.

• The stored heat is in rocks and liquids underground and near the surface.

• To reach the geothermal source, people dig 2) _____ down into the ground.

• The energy forms are steam or hot water that push a turbine.

• Geothermal energy is beneficial because it is renewable and 3) _____ cheaper than fossil fuels.

• The drawbacks of geothermal energy are that it is unavailable in some nations and very expensive to 4) _____ and construct a power plant.

1. a) Choose the correct option. (Chọn đáp án đúng.)

1. Water shortage/Soil pollution could be reduced if we had better water management.

2. Energy waste/Overloaded landfills can be dealt with by conserving electricity.

3. We can improve the state of soil pollution/ overloaded landfills if we replace disposable items with reusable ones.

4 We can deal with energy waste/polluted rivers by improving wastewater treatment.

5. The soil pollution/energy crisis won't be solved unless we maintain and develop renewable energy sources.

6 Overloaded landfills/Soil pollution can be reduced, as long as we avoid using harmful chemicals in farming.

b) Fill in each gap with water shortages, overloaded landfills, polluted rivers, energy waste, soil pollution or energy crisis.

(Điền vào chỗ trống với water shortages, overloaded landfills, polluted rivers, energy waste, soil pollution hoặc energy crisis.)

1. Every year, a large number of fish die in _____.

2. The _____cannot be dealt with as long as we use fossil fuels.

3. By reducing the amount of rubbish we throw away, we will reduce the number of _____ in big cities.

4. Saving water during summer can reduce _____.

5. Harmful chemicals and fertilisers used in agriculture can lead to _____.

6. Conserving electricity will significantly reduce _____. 

Everyday English (Tiếng Anh thường ngày)

Expressing concerns & Making suggestions (Thể hiện những nỗi lo và đưa ra đề nghị)

2. Complete the dialogue with the phrases/ sentences below.

(Hoàn thành đoạn hội thoại với các cụm từ/ câu bên dưới.)

• What do you mean?

• Something needs to change.

• I have concerns regarding

• It might be a good idea to

• What do you think if

• It's worrying that

Simon: After reading an interesting article on environmental issues, 1) _____ the water shortage that our community has been facing over the past years.

Liz: 2) _____

Simon: 3) _____ so much water is wasted on an everyday bads when we take a shower two or three times a day, wash our cars or clean our gardens. 4) _____

Liz: 5) _____ we write a letter to the city council to draw their attention to this issue?

Simon: That's a start. What else can we do?

Liz: 6) _____ raise awareness of the problem within our community by giving out leaflets.

Simon: Great idea!

Pronunciation (Phát âm)

Linking wovel to wovel (Nối nguyên âm với nguyên âm)

3. Add the sound in each pair of words in each sentence. Then listen and check.

(Thêm âm vào mỗi cặp từ trong mỗi câu. Sau đó nghe và kiểm tra.)

An essay suggesting solutions to a problem (Một bài luận gợi ý giải pháp cho một vấn đề)

1. Choose the best option to make a meaningful paragraph.

(Chọn đáp án đúng nhất để tạo thành một đoạn văn hoàn chỉnh.)

a. Consequently, the people living nearby will be severely affected, and things will get worse unless we take action.

b. A major problem facing our planet is soil pollution.

c. So, what are some suitable solutions?

d. Harmful chemicals, pollutants and fertilisers affect the quality of crops we grow.

e. Those toxic chemicals can pollute the land and the river nearby.

A. b-a-d-e-c                 B. b-d-e-a-c                 C. b-c-d-a-e                 D. e-c-a-d-b

2. Read the rest of the essay and find the words or phrases that are synonymous with the ones provided below.

(Đọc phần còn lại của bài luận và tìm những từ hay cụm từ đồng nghĩa với các từ/cụm từ được cho bên dưới.)

It will be beneficial to the local soil if we improve our wastewater treatment. To illustrate, if factories adopt an eco-friendlier model, they will make a huge contribution to the environment. In this way, they will enhance the quality of wastewater that ends up in the lakes and seas; as a result, soil degradation will be avoided. Another useful suggestion would be to raise awareness of soil pollution within the community. In particular, we could train and inspire local communities to manage the soil in sustainable ways. Then, not only factories but also individuals could actively protect the environment. On the whole, adopting an eco-friendlier model of wastewater management and educating the local communities to manage the soil are important solutions. From my viewpoint, with those solutions, we can ensure a more sustainable future. Why not start reducing soil pollution today?

1. improve =

2. start to use = 

3. more specifically =  

4. in my opinion = 

3. Match the words in the two columns. (Nối các từ trong hai cột.)

4. Label the following statements as S (solutions), E (examples) or ER (expected results).

(Dán nhãn các phát biểu sau là S (giải pháp), E (ví dụ) hoặc ER (kết quả dự kiến).

1. Save water and pay less on water bills.

2. Reduce water wastage.

3. Take shorter showers and make sure there are no leaking pipes.

4. Less dependence on electricity and coal.

5. Maintain and develop renewable energy sources.

6. Use solar cars.

7. Pay less on electric bills.

8. Conserve energy.

9. Unplug devices and appliances when not using them.

5. Write an essay (about 180-200 words) suggesting solutions to deforestation.

(Viết một bài luận (khoảng 180 – 200 từ đề nghị những giải pháp về nạn phá rừng.)

Introduction (Paragraph 1) stating the topic 

(Mở bài           Đoạn 1            bắt đầu vấn đề)

Main body      (Paragraph 2) writing the first suggestion with example(s) and expected result(s) 

(Paragraph 3) writing the second suggestion with example(s) and expected result(s) 

(Thân bài        Đoạn 2            viết về đề nghị đầu tiên với ví dụ và kết quả dự kiến

                        Đoạn 3            viết về đề nghị thứ hai với ví dụ và kết quả dự kiến)

Conclusion     (Paragraph 4) summarising your points, stating your opinion 

(Kết bài           Đoạn 4            tóm tắt luận điểm, thể hiện quan điểm của bạn.)