Giải SGK, SBT Unit 4. Cultural diversity Bright

Vocabulary (Từ vựng) – Special occasion (Những dịp đặc biệt)

1. Listen and repeat. Match the special occasions (1-6) to the congratulatory message (A-F).

(Nghe và lặp lại. Nối các dịp đặc biệt sau (1-6) với những lời chúc mừng.)

1. ___ baby shower

2. ___ coming-of-age celebration

3. ___ birthday party

4. ___ marriage ceremony

5. ___ wedding anniversary

6. ___ longevity celebration

A. Many happy returns!

B. Congratulations on your new arrival!

C. Welcome to the world of adult!

D. Best wishes to the bride and the groom!

E. Congratulations on 40 happy years together!

F. Congratulations on reaching this remarkable age!

Pronunciation (Phát âm) ­– Consonant review (Ôn tập về phụ âm)

2. Choose the word that has the underlined part pronounced differently from the others. Then listen and check. Practise saying them with a partner.

(Chọn từ có phần gạch chân khác với các từ còn lại. Sau đó nghe và kiểm tra. Luyện tập nói các từ trên với bạn cùng bàn của bạn.)

1. A. ceremony             B. celebration               C. special          D. century

2. A. occasion B. syllable        C. similar          D. diversity

3. A. cultural   B. excited         C. country        D. congratulations

Listening (Nghe hiểu)

3. Listen to Frank, John and Emily talking about some special occasions. Which occasion (1-6) in Exercise 1 did each attend?

(Lắng nghe Frank, John và Emily nói về những dịp đặc biệt. Dịp nào (1-6) trong Bài tập 1 mà họ tham dự?)

Frank: ___

John: ___

Emily: ___

4. Are there any similar special occasions in your country? How do people celebrate them? Tell your partner.

(Có những dịp đặc biệt nào tương tự ở quốc gia của bạn không? Mọi người tổ chức nó như thế nào? Hãy kể với bạn cùng bàn của bạn.)

Adverbial clauses (Mệnh đề trạng từ)

1. Choose the correct answer. (Chọn câu trả lời đúng.)

1. Dave bought two festival tickets _____ his friend Paul could go with him.

A. so that          B. since             C. as                    D. seeing that

2. We hired a professional to organise the Viking Festival, _____ everything went well.

A. such              B. so                   C. since             D. so that

3. The music at the Carnevale parade was _____ loud that I had to cover my ears.

A. so                   B. such                             C. as                    D. because

4. Joe brought his camera to the wedding anniversary _____ he wanted to take some photos.

A. because       B. so                   C. so that          D. in order that

5. _____ everyone has arrived, we can begin the marriage ceremony.

A. So that          B. Now that     C. In order that            D. So

6. _____ it was New Year's Eve, there was a big fireworks display in the city centre.

A. So                   B. Such              C. So that          D. Since

7. There was _____ a lot of traffic that Ann was late for the baby shower.

A. such              B. so                   C. since             D. because

2. Choose the correct answer. (Chọn câu trả lời đúng.)

1. Though/Unless John was busy, he still managed to attend his grandma's longevity celebration.

2. It wasn't very crowded in the city centre since/although the St Patrick's Day parade was taking place.

3. I will attend Carnevale provided that/although I'm in Venice when it takes place.

4. We will go to the park after the Viking Festival if/unless it doesn't rain.

5. We will get to the wedding on time unless/as long as we don't hit heavy traffic.

3. Combine the sentences using the words in brackets. Write in your notebook.

(Kết hợp các câu sau dùng các từ trong ngoặc. Viết vào vở của bạn.)

1. The festival was held in a small town. It attracted tourists from all over the world. (though)

2. There were huge crowds at the Songkran celebration. Tom still managed to find his friends. (although)

3. We will attend the Dia de los Muertos parade. The weather is nice. (provided that)

4. Ann took a jumper with her to the outdoor celebration. It might get cold later. (in case)

5. You can't see the fireworks display at the festival very well. It's dark outside. (unless)

4. Make sentences about yourself, using the adverbial clauses in the theory boxes. Tell your partner.

(Viết các câu về bản thân bạn, dùng các mệnh đề trạng từ trong hộp lí thuyết. Nói với bạn cùng bàn của bạn.)

I am saving money so that I can travel to Thailand for my holiday.

(Tôi đang tiết kiệm tiền để tôi có thể đi du lịch Thái Lan vào kì nghỉ của tôi.)

5. Choose the correct answer. (Chọn câu trả lời đúng.)

1. During the parade, Laura was dancing _____ she was a professional.

A. just as           B. as though    C. than               D. while

2. This is _____ enjoyable Songkran Festival I've been to in ages!

A. most             B. the most      C. more             D. so

3. The celebrations will continue _____ the sun comes up.

A. before          B. as if                C. until              D. so

4. I will go to Sarah's baby shower _____ this heavy rain stops.

A. just as           B. as soon as   C. while             D. until

6. Make complete sentences using the following prompts.

(Tạo các câu hoàn chỉnh dùng các gợi ý sau.)

1. Sue/dress up/as though / she / be / host / last week's cultural event.

2. Yesterday's firework display / be / good / than / we / expect.

3 I think / Dia de los Muertos / the most / amusing / festival / in Mexico.

4. They /spend /days/ decorate / their homes/ before / the festival / begin / yesterday.

7. Complete the second sentence so that it means the same as the first. Use the words in brackets.

(Hoàn thành câu thứ hai sao cho nó cùng nghĩa với câu thứ nhất. Dùng các từ trong ngoặc)

1. We left the parade early because there was bad weather. (so ... that)

The weather _________________________ we left the parade early.

2. The way Claire talks about the Songkran celebration makes it sound like she has experienced it. (as though)

Claire talks about the Songkran celebration _________________________ it.

3. We will be late for the Carnevale if we don't leave now. (unless)

We will be late for the Carnevale _________________________ now.

4. The locals will ring the temple bell the moment it turns midnight. (soon)

The locals will ring _________________________ midnight.

5. We were driving to our friend's birthday party when we saw a street parade. (while)

We saw a street parade _________________________ to our friend's birthday party.

6. Jane is going to the wedding venue early because there may be heavy traffic. (in case)

Jane is going to the wedding venue early _________________________ traffic.

8. In pairs, take turns to complete the story using the following words.

(Theo cặp, lần lượt hoàn thành câu chuyện dùng các từ bên dưới.)

• (though) weather / cold / we / go out / yesterday.

• (because) we / eat / Thai restaurant / we / want / celebrate / my brother's birthday.

• (so that) we / choose / table / by the window / we / can / enjoy / view outside.

• (as soon as) we / sit down / the waiter / show / menu / and / take / our order.

• (so ... that) food / good / we / all / eat / a lot.

• (as though) I / feel / we / be / really / Thailand.

A: Though the weather was cold, we went out yesterday.

(Dù hôm qua trời lạnh nhưng chúng tôi vẫn ra ngoài.)

B: ...

Map labelling (Dán nhãn trên bản đồ)

1. You are going to listen to an organiser giving directions around a festival site. Look at the map. Label the places (1-5) with the letters (A-E).

(Bạn sẽ nghe một người tổ chức chỉ đường xung quanh một khu vực lễ hội. Nhìn vào bản đồ. Dãn nhán các vị trí (1-5) với các chữ cái (A-E).

A. Main Stage

B. Camping Ground

C. Toilets

D. Food Stalls 

E. Workshop Tent

2. You are going to listen to a commentator talking about coming-of-age traditions. Read the questions and answer choices. Which of the answer choices do you think will be the right ones?

(Bạn sẽ nghe một người thuyết minh nói về lễ trưởng thành. Đọc các câu hỏi và các lựa chọn. Lựa chọn nào bạn nghĩ sẽ đúng?)

1. What does the speaker say about 16-year-olds in the USA?

A. They are permitted to have a full-time job.

B. They are not allowed to drive by law.

C. They don't consider themselves adults.

D. They always receive a car as a birthday gift.

2. What is NOT true about Seijin no Hi in Japan?

A. It is a time when people wear traditional clothing.

B. It is for people who turned twenty the previous year.

C. It takes place on the second of January every year.

D. It includes a special ceremony for twenty-year-olds.

3. What is TRUE about the Inuit tradition of North Baffin Island?

A. It is a less difficult experience than other coming-of-age traditions.

B. It always takes place when all the boys turn 11.

C. It is intended to help boys grow closer to their fathers.

D. It exists so that boys can learn to look after themselves.

3. Listen to the talk. For questions (1-3), choose the best answers (A, B, C or D).

(Lắng nghe bài nói. Với câu hỏi (1-3), chọn đáp án đúng nhất (A, B, C hoặc D).)

4. Look at the picture. Circle the correct phrasal verb.

(Nhìn vào bức hình. Khoanh tròn cụm động từ đúng.)

I can't believe you suggested going to the festival although the weather was bad!

I can't believe that you went along with/went in for the idea!

Vocabulary (Từ vựng) – Perserving cultural identity (Bảo tồn bản sắc văn hoá)

1. Fill in each gap with recreate, maintain, ancestral, assemble, attire or engage. Then listen and check.

(Điền vào mỗi chỗ trống với recreate, maintain, ancestral, assemble, attire or engage. Sau đó nghe và kiểm tra.)

Having a strong sense of cultural identity is important because it helps us to understand ourselves and the world around us. The following are ways to preserve one’s cultural identity. 

1. _____ in cultural traditions like customs, events and festivals

2. wear traditional _____  from home country

3. speak the _____ language

4. _____ strong connections with other members of the cultural community

5. _____ family recipes to preserve traditional cuisine

6. _____ on ordinary occasions, not just on holidays

Everyday English (Tiếng Anh thường ngày) – Making suggestions (Đưa ra gợi ý)

2. a) Listen and read the dialogue. What are the teens talking about?

(Lắng nghe và đọc đoạn hội thoại. Các thiếu niên đang nói về điều gì?)

Tom: OK, so we need to come up with some ideas for the class presentation on preserving cultural identity next week. What are your thoughts?

Jen: It might be a good idea to discuss the importance of recreating family recipes and engaging in cultural traditions.

Tom: Your suggestion sounds good, but I suggest we talk about the importance of speaking ancestral languages because I think language is one of the most important cultural identifies.

Jen: I couldn't agree with you more. However, we have limited time to present our points, so we should just pick two. I think we should focus on engaging in cultural traditions and speaking ancestral languages.

Tom: OK. Let's do that.

(Tom: Ok, vậy bây giờ chúng ta cần có ý tưởng cho bài thuyết trình trên lớp về bảo tồn bản sắc văn hoá vào tuần sau. Cậu nghĩ sao?

Jen: Thảo luận về tầm quan trọng của việc tái tạo lại các công thức nấu ăn của gia đình và tham gia vào các truyền thống văn hoá có thể là một ý hay.

Tom: Gợi ý của cậu nghe hay đấy, nhưng tôi nghĩ là chúng ta nên nói về tầm quan trọng của việc nói ngôn ngữ của tổ tiên vì tôi nghĩ rằng ngôn ngữ là một trong những thứ quan trọng trong bản sắc dân tộc.

Jen: Mình không thể đồng ý hơn. Tuy nhiên, chúng ta chỉ có ít thời gian để trình bày bài làm của mình, nên chúng ta chỉ nên chọn hai ý. Mình nghĩ chúng ta nên tập trung vào việc tham gia vào các truyền thống văn hoá và nói ngôn ngữ của tổ tiên.

Tom: Được rồi. Hãy làm cái đó đi.)

 b) Which of the underlined phrases/ sentences are used for asking for suggestions?/ making suggestions?/accepting suggestions?/ rejecting suggestions?

(Cụm từ/ Câu nào dưới đây được dùng để hỏi gợi ý?/ đưa ra gợi ý?/ ?/ bác bỏ gợi ý?)

 c) Replace the underlined phrases/sentences with Don't you think if is a good idea to ...?/What are your suggestions?/That's a good point, but …/ I see what you mean./Perhaps, we should ... Think of more similar phrases/sentences.

(Thay thế các cụm từ/ câu được gạch chân với Don't you think if is a good idea to ...?/What are your suggestions?/That's a good point, but …/ I see what you mean./Perhaps, we should ... Suy nghĩ thêm nhiều cụm từ/ câu tương tự.)

3. You are thinking of possible ways to preserve cultural identity for a school presentation. Act out a similar dialogue to the one in Exercise 2a. Use the diagram below. Mind the intonation and rhythm.

(Bạn đang suy nghĩ các cách khả thi để bảo tồn bản sắc văn hoá cho bài thuyết trình trên trường. Diễn một đoạn hội thoại tương tự đoạn trong bài tập 2a. Dùng sơ đồ bên dưới. Chú ý ngữ âm và ngữ điệu.)

A: Start the discussion and invite suggestions. (Bắt đầu thảo luận và mời đối phương đưa ra đề nghị.)

B: Make a suggestion. (Đưa ra đề nghị.)

A: Reject the suggestion and suggest another alternative. (Bác bỏ đề nghị và đề nghị một cái khác.)

B: Accept the suggestion and make another suggestion. (Chấp nhận đề nghị và đề nghị một cái khác.)

A:  Accept the suggestion (Chấp nhận đề nghị.)

Pronunciation (Ngữ âm) - Word stress — noun and verb pairs (Trọng âm của cặp danh từ và động từ)

Many two-syllable words that are both nouns and verbs are often pronounced differently. Word stress is usually placed on the first syllable for nouns and the second syllable for verbs.

contrast (n) contrast (v) conflict (n) conflict (v)

However, there are some exceptions.

answer (n) answer (v) control (n) control (v)

4. Listen and mark the syllable that is stressed. Then decide if the word is a verb (v) or a noun (n). Listen again and repeat Practise saying them.

(Lắng nghe và đánh dấu âm tiết có trọng âm. Sau đó quyết định xem từ này là danh từ hay động từ. Nghe lại và lặp lại. Luyện tập nói chúng.)

1. record

2. permit

3. refuse

4. promise

5. present

6. export

7. increase

8. object

1. Read the title and the subheadings, and look at the pictures. What do you think the text is about?

(Đọc tiêu đề và các tiêu đề phụ, và nhìn vào các bức tranh. Bạn nghĩ bài khoá này nói về điều gì?)

2.  Read the text and complete the sentences (1-4). Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from the text for each answer.

(Đọc bài khoá và hoàn thành các câu (1-4). Viết KHÔNG QUÁ BA TỪ lấy từ bài khoá cho mỗi câu trả lời.)

Longevity Celebrations

Honouring the Elderly across Cultures

In many cultures around the world, reaching an advanced age is a significant event In South Korea, Mexico and India, people mark their 601' birthdays with special ceremonies, feasts and gatherings of their loved ones.

South Korea: In South Korea, a person's 60^th birthday is particularly important and is celebrated with a special ceremony called Hwangap. This ceremony involves children and younger relatives bowing to their elderly family members and wishing them well. The birthday person then shares a meal with their family, which includes traditional foods such as rice cakes and ‘miyeok guk’: a kind of seaweed soup.

Mexico: In Mexico, a person's 60" birthday is known as la fiesta de sesenta cumpleaños. This celebration often Involves a religious ceremony in which the person receives a blessing from their local priest. Family and friends give their 60-year-old relative gifts before gathering for a feast of delicious Mexican foods. It's traditional to eat 'mole: a rich sauce made with chilli peppers and chocolate, and 'pastel de ties leches; a sponge cake soaked in three different types of milk.

India: In some parts of India, a person's 60^th birthday is celebrated with a special ceremony known as Sashti Poorthi. The ceremony involves a prayer ritual to honour the birthday person and wish them health and prosperity. Family and friends gather for a feast of traditional Indian foods like lentil soup and a rice, vegetable and meat dish called ‘Biryani’. Usually, people offer gold jewellery as gifts to show respect and honour.

Celebrations of longevity are an important reminder of the values of our elders and the wisdom they have gained over a lifetime. These occasions provide an opportunity for people to come together and express their gratitude to honoured family members such as parents or grandparents.

1. During Hwangap, people _____ in front of their elderly relatives and offer pleasant wishes.

2. In Mexico, people celebrate their 60^th birthday with a _____ in which the birthday person is blessed by a priest.

3. On Sashti Poorthi, Indian people perform a _____ to wish the birthday person good health and prosperity.

4. Longevity celebrations are special occasions for people to show their respect to _____.

3. Read the text again and give short answers to the questions.

(Đọc lại bài khoá và đưa ra câu trả lời ngắn .)

1. In Hwangap, what do people do after the bowing ceremony?

(Trong lễ Hwangap, mọi người làm gì sau nghi lễ dập đầu?)

2. What does the word mole refer to?

(Từ mole chỉ cái gì?)

3. Why do people in India give gold jewellery as gifts on Sashti Poorthi?

(Tại sao mọi người ở Ấn Độ tặng quà là trang sức bằng vàng trong lễ Sashti Poorti?)

4. Is longevity celebrated in Vietnam as it is in the three countries mentioned in the text? If yes, what are the similarities?

(Ở Việt Nam có tổ chức mừng thọ như ở ba nước nêu trong văn bản không? Nếu có, điểm tương đồng là gì?)

Vocabulary (Từ vựng) – Celebrations & Customs (Lễ ăn mừng và phong tục)

5. Listen and repeat. (Nghe và lặp lại)

1. Thailand: Songkran (April) (Thái Lan: Tết Songkran (tháng 4))

2. Spain: La Tomatina (August) (Tây Ban Nha: Lễ hội cà chua (tháng 8))

3. Mexico: Dia de los Muertos (November) (Mê-hi-cô: Lễ hội người chết (tháng 11))

4. Italy: Carnevale (February) (Ý: Lễ hội hoá trang (tháng 2))

6. Read the descriptions (A-D). Fill in each gap with massive, masks, period, participate, skulls, ancestors, dress up or attracts. Then listen and check.

(Đọc các mô tả (A-D). Điền vào mỗi chỗ trống với các từ massive, masks, period, participate, skulls, ancestors, dress up hoặc attracts. Sau đó nghe và kiểm tra.)

A. La Tomatina is a worldwide famous festival held in Buñol, Spain. Celebrated annually, the festival 1) _____ thousands of visitors from around the world to a town called Buñol, where they join in a 2) _____ tomato fight for one hour, creating a vibrant and messy atmosphere.

B. To mark the beginning of the Buddhist new year, Thai people 3) _____ in traditional costumes and attend parades with dancing and folk music. Famously, they also 4) _____ in playful water fights! This is a way for families and friends to have fun together and build strong relationships.

C. Italians hold big celebrations in the month before Lent, a forty-day 5) _____ of prayer, fasting and charity. People wear colourful costumes and fancy 6) _____on their faces, and attend street panics where they can eat lots of tasty foods.

D. The Mexicans welcome back the souls of their 7) _____ for a brief reunion. Family and friends visit home altars and cemeteries to decorate graves with flowers and sugar 8) _____.

7. Fill in each gap with partake, stage, attend, experience or adorn. Then listen and check.

(Điền vào mỗi chỗ trống với partake, stage, attend, experience hoặc adorn. Sau đó nghe và kiểm tra.)

Did you know?

At the Viking Festival (the 2^nd weekend of June), people in Reykjavik, Iceland, hold a huge festival where they 1) _____ the Viking way of life from the past. They wear traditional costumes and 2) _____ dramatic performances showing Viking warriors in battle!

On St. Patrick's Day (17^th of March), people in Ireland celebrate their national saint. They wear a shamrock, green clothes and 3) _____ street parades with colourful floats and marching bands.

On Children's Day (5^th of May), people in Japan celebrate children's healthy growth and happiness. They have picnics and 4) _____ outdoor areas with colourful fish-shaped streamers, called koinobori. They also play sports and thousands of children 5) _____ in the Kids Olympics every year.

8. Which country's celebrations and customs would you like to attend or learn about? Why? Tell your partner.

(Lễ hội và phong tục của quốc gia nào mà bạn muốn tham dự hoặc biết thêm? Tại sao? Hãy nói với bạn cùng bàn.)

Value (Giá trị)

 Which of these do you agree with? Can you think of more reasons?

(Bạn đồng ý với những điều nào dưới đây? Bạn có thể nghĩ thêm nhiều lí do hơn không?)

I value celebrations because they ... (Tôi trân trọng các lễ kỉ niệm vì chúng …)

1. teach me about different cultures. (dạy tôi về những văn hoá khác nhau.)

2. preserve local traditions. (bảo tồn truyền thống địa phương)

3. foster a sense of belonging in a community. (nuôi dưỡng cảm giác thân thuộc trong một cộng đồng)

1. a) Read the leaflet. What is it about?

(Đọc tờ rơi. Nó nói về điều gì?)

b) Read the leaflet again and fill in each missing heading with Opening hours, Prices, Activities, Conveniences, Food & Drink or Dates & Location.

(Đọc tờ rơi một lần nữa và điền vào mỗi chỗ trống với Opening hours, Prices, Activities, Conveniences, Food & Drink or Dates & Location.)

London’s Tropical Carnival

1. _____

This annual three-day festival takes place on the last weekend of August and celebrates Caribbean cultural diversity in the UK. Our lively carnival takes place on the streets of the Notting Hill area, in West London, and is a great way to learn about one of London's many vibrant cultural communities.

2. _____

There are such many cultural activities to do at the festival that you feel as though you were in the Caribbean! Watch the parade, for example, or even take part in it! Watch eye-catching dance performances and listen to lively traditional music at the UK's biggest steepen band competition!

3. _____

The delicious aroma of Caribbean cuisine is in the air here. Try traditional foods like spicy jerk chicken, goat curry and corn on the cob. Savour these dishes with some smooth carrot juice on the side while you're enjoying the festivities, or pair them with traditional British foods so you can create delicious combinations.

4. _____ 

The carnival begins at 10 a.m. and ends at about 7 p.m.

5. _____

The carnival is free to attend although you may need tickets for some popular shows. The steelpan competition is £20 for adults and £7 for children.

6. _____

The event is a leisurely 15-minute walk from Bayswater Underground Station. Look out for bus number 7 or 18 to get there. There are accessible parking spaces available and 42 toilet facilities in the area.

2. a) Read the leaflet again and find the descriptive words that have similar meaning to the words below.

(Đọc tờ rơi một lần nữa và tìm những từ mô tả có nghĩa giống với các từ dưới đây.)

1. yearly: _____

2. energetic: _____

3. tasty:  _____

4. hot: _____

5. well-liked: _____

6. easy:   _____

 b) Find the words/ phrases in the text that refer to the senses.

(Tìm những từ/cụm từ trong văn bản đề cập đến giác quan.)

Your turn

3.  You are going to write a leaflet about another festival. Answer the questions.

(Bạn sẽ viết một tờ rơi về một lễ hội khác. Trả lời các câu hỏi sau.)

1. What festival are you going to write about?

(Bạn định viết về lễ hội nào?)

2. What six headings are you going to use?

(Bạn sẽ sử dụng sáu tiêu đề nào?)

3. What details are you going to write for each heading?

(Bạn định viết chi tiết gì cho mỗi tiêu đề?)

4.  Write your leaflet (about 180-200 words).

(Viết tờ rơi của bạn (khoảng 180-200 từ).)

Dates & Location: writing about the dates and location

(Ngày & Địa điểm: viết về ngày và địa điểm)

Activities: writing about a list of festival activities

Hoạt động: viết về danh sách các hoạt động lễ hội)

Foods & Drinks: writing what you can eat or drink

(Thực phẩm & Đồ uống: viết những gì bạn có thể ăn hoặc uống)

Opening hours: writing about the start and the end times

(Giờ mở cửa: viết về thời gian bắt đầu và kết thúc)

Prices: writing about the price list

(Giá cả: viết về bảng giá)

Conveniences: writing about directions and special features

(Tiện ích: viết về đường đi và các tính năng đặc biệt)

5.  Check your leaflet for spelling/ grammar mistakes. Then, in pairs, swap your leaflets and check each other's work.

(Kiểm tra lỗi chính tả và lỗi ngữ pháp. Sau đó, theo cặp, đổi bài cho nhau và chấm bài.)

Vocabulary (Từ vựng)

Special occasions (Những dịp đặc biệt)

1. Fill in each gap with marriage ceremony, coming-of-age celebration, wedding anniversary, baby shower or birthday party.

(Điền vào chỗ trống với marriage ceremony, coming-of-age celebration, wedding anniversary, baby shower or birthday party.)

1. Now that Mary's expecting a child, we're having a(n) _____ next Friday.

2. I had a great time at my _____!

3. Sheila's turning eighteen next Saturday, and she has invited us to her _____.

4. The groom and the bride are welcoming their guests to their _____.

5. The elderly couple celebrated their _____ with their children, grandchildren and trends.  

Pronunciation (Phát âm)

Consonant review (Ôn tập về phụ âm)

2. Choose the word that has the underlined part pronounced differently from the others.

1. A. culture                B. centre                     C. concert                   D. city

2. A. blessing              B. costume                  C. season                     D. symbol

3. A. calorie                B. calendar                  C. calcium                  D. controller

4. A. music                  B. leisure                     C. pleasure                  D. treasure

Reading (Đọc hiểu)

3. Read the text. Choose the option (A, B, C or D) that best fits each gap (1-5).

(Đọc bài khóa. Chọn đáp án (A, B, C hoặc D) phù hợp với mỗi chỗ trống (1-5).)

Songkran, also known 1) _____ the Thai New Year, is a vibrant and joyous festival celebrated in Thailand for three days or even a week in some provinces. It holds deep cultural and religious significance, and it is embraced with great enthusiasm throughout the country.

The origins of Songkran can be traced back to ancient Hindu traditions and the Buddhist practice of water cleansing. Water is seen as a symbol of loudly and renewal, and during Songkran, if is used to purify oneself from the past year's bad luck. The festival takes place annually on April 13. and marks the beginning of the traditional Thai solar calendar. One of the most attractive aspects of the Songkran festival is the water fights on the streets. People of all ages, locals and tourists, partake in friendly water baffles using water guns, buckets and hoses. The streets become a playground as everyone joyfully splashes water onto each other, 2) _____ a festive and refreshing atmosphere. The water fights symbolise washing away negativity and welcoming fresh start in the new year.

Songkran is also a time for young people 3) _____ respects to their elders and seek blessings from monks. Thai families gather to visit temples and make donations. Pouring scented water onto the hands of respected monks is a traditional ritual that signifies good luck and blessings from the monks. It is also a time for young people to express their gratitude to the elderly and ask for their heartfelt prayers. Beyond the water fights and religious ceremonies. Songkran is a time of 4) _____, unity and cultural heritage. Traditional performances including music and dancing are held throughout the country, demonstrating the rich cultural traditions of Thailand. The streets come alive with vibrant parades, colourful costumes and traditional music, creating an immersive experience for both locals and visitors.

In recent years, Songkran 5) _____ international popularity, attracting travellers from around the world who wish to experience the unique charm of this cultural celebration. Through playful water fights, traditional rituals and cultural performances, Songkran celebrates the richness of Thai culture and invites foreign friends to participate in Thai traditions and accept their hospitality.

1. A. for                       B. as                            C. with                        D. about

2. A. create                  B. creates                    C. creating                   D. created

3. A. to pay                  B. pay                          C. paying                     D. to paying

4. A. celebrating          B. celebration              C. celebrated               D. celebrate

5. A. gained                 B. gains                       C. has gained              D. had gained

4. Read the text again. For questions (1-4), choose the best answers (A, B, C or D).

(Đọc lại bài khóa. Với các câu hỏi (1-4), chọn đáp án đúng nhất (A, B, C hoặc D).)

1. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?

A. Songkran - a water-fighting festival

B. Songkran - a meaningful festival in Thai culture

C. Songkran - a popular event for overseas tourists

D. Songkran - a wonderful celebration of Buddhism in Thailand

2. Which of the following words does the word purify mean?

A. create                      B. show                       C. cause                       D. cleanse

3. Which of the following does the word their in paragraph 4 refer to?

A. the young               B. the elderly              C. Thai families          D. the monks

4. Which of the following is NOT true about the Songkran festival according to the text?

A. Songkran is only celebrated for three days.

B. The water fights happen on the streets.

C. Thai people help wash monks' hands to receive blessings.

D. Different traditional activities are celebrated outdoors. 

Vocabulary (Từ vựng)

Celebrations & Customs (Truyền thống và phong tục)

5. Choose the correct option. (Chọn đáp án đúng.)

1. In May every year, we honour/participate our mothers.

2. The explorers discovered a cave full of skulls/masks and bones that must have been thousands of years old.

3. At Halloween, she likes to participate/dress up as a vampire.

4. Our ancestors/friends lived in caves and used various tools to kill the animals they hunted.

5. I bought these two skulls/masks at the Venice Carnival last year.

6. Easter is a period/ceremony that lasts 50 days.

7. On International Women's Day, we show women our love and honour/gratitude.

8. How many people attended/participated in the carnival? 

6. Fill in each gap with partake, stage, attend, experience or adorn.

(Điền vào mỗi chỗ trống với partake, stage, attend, experience hoặc adorn.)

A: What did you do at the weekend, Kim?

B: I celebrated the Mid-Autumn Festival, which is also known as the Mooncake Festival.

A: Really? That sounds interesting. Do you 1) _____ in any rituals during that festival?

B: Well, my whole family don't 2) _____ any special ceremonies but we 3) _____ the house with lanterns and good luck charms. Afterwards, we eat mooncakes. In my hometown, people 4) _____ dragon dance performances and have fireworks displays.

A: Sounds cool: I'd like to 5) _____ that.

Adverbial clauses (purpose, result & reason) (Mệnh đề trạng ngữ (mục đích, kết quả và lí do)

1. Fill in each gap with because, now (that), so, such, so that or seeing that.

(Điền vào chỗ trống với because, now (that), so, such, so that hoặc seeing that.)

1. It took us ages to arrive at the marriage ceremony _____ our car had broken down.

2. We went shopping _____ we could buy some gifts for the baby.

3. The weather was _____ bad that the carnival was called off.

4. _____ you're expecting a baby, you should eat more healthily.

5. _____ she couldn't find any plane tickets for Venice, she decided to stay at home.

6. It was _____ a wonderful experience that everyone was delighted.

2. Choose the correct option. (Chọn đáp án đúng.)

1. Now that/So that/So Christmas was coming, she couldn't wait to decorate the Christmas tree.

2. It is so/such/so that a famous shrine that it attracts thousands of visitors every year.

3. He didn't work, so that/since/in order that it was a bank holiday.

4. She left early as/so that/now that the music at the birthday party was too loud.

5. They hired a DJ, in order that/as/since he would play music at their son's coming-of-age celebration. 

Adverbial clauses (concession & condition) (Mệnh đề trạng ngữ (nhượng bộ & điều kiện)

3. Fill in each gap with even though, though, while or provided that.

(Điền vào chỗ trống với even though, though, while hoặc provided that.)

1. We will hold the wedding anniversary outdoors, _____ the weather is goad.

2. _____ they were tired, they went to their friend's coming-of-age celebration.

3. She likes traditional food. She doesn't eat lentils, _____

4.  _____ I wanted to participate in the festival, I was too shy to do it. 

4. Find and correct ONE mistake in each sentence.

(Tìm và sửa lại một lỗi trong mỗi câu sau.)

1. I’ll go to the baby shower in case I work.

2. We had a picnic if the weather was bad.

3. He would go out with his friends although he completed his homework.

4. Unless you come to my birthday party, you'll surely see my favourite aunt there!

5. She took an umbrella as long as it rained.

Adverbial clauses (comparison, manner & time) (Mệnh đề trạng ngữ so sánh, chỉ thái độ, chỉ thời gian)

5. Fill in each gap with before, after, when, as if/ as though, or as soon as.

(Điền vào mỗi chỗ trống với before, after, when, as if/as though hoặc as soon as.)

1. Something came up and they left _____ they came to the festival.

2. _____ I came to Katie's house yesterday afternoon, she was still decorating for the birthday party.

3. Matt had taken up dancing _____ he performed enthusiastically in the festival.

4. He's dancing _____ he was a professional dancer.

5. _____ she had taken a shower, she went to her friends' wedding anniversary.

6. Choose the correct option. (Chọn đáp án đúng.)

1. She seemed as though/just as she hadn't eaten anything for days.

2. He had never injured his ankle until/just as he took up jogging.

3. The Venice Carnival seemed as crowded as/as more crowded as the Viking Festival.

4. It had started snowing before/while they arrived at the marriage ceremony.

5. This year's anniversary was the most successful/more successful than the one we had attended last year. 

1. Listen to a wedding planner giving directions around a venue. Label the places (1-5).

(Lắng nghe một người tổ chức lễ cưới đang đưa ra chỉ dẫn xung quanh một địa điểm. Dán nhãn các địa điểm 1-5).)

2. Listen to someone talking about New Year Celebrations from around the world. Fill in each gap with NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS.

(Lắng nghe ai đó nói về Lễ ăn mừng năm mới trên toàn thế giới. Điền vào mỗi chỗ trống KHÔNG QUÁ HAI TỪ.)

1. On New Yeas Eve in Spain, people eat twelve _____ to expect a year of good luck.

2. In Barcelona, people gather in Plaza de Catalunya to watch fireworks and then have a big _____.

3. On New Year's Eve in Colombia, you can see many people with their empty _____ walking around.

4. In Panama, there is a tradition to burn muñecos or _____ of famous people to welcome the new year.

5. In Johannesburg, people traditionally throw old _____ out of windows to welcome the new.

Vocabulary (Từ vựng)

Preserving cultural identity (Bảo tồn bản sắc văn hóa)

1. a) Match the words in the two columns.

(Nối các từ trong hai cột.)

b) Use the phrases in Exercise 1a to fill in the gaps.

(Dùng các cụm từ trong bài tập 1a để điền vào chỗ trống.)

1. It is important to speak the _____ in order to preserve your cultural identity.

2. The local women often _____ and offer their delicious dishes to the visitors.

3. All the villagers wore _____ and danced in the main square.

4. Lots of people _____ as well as for weddings or festivals.

5. You feel cut off if you don't _____ with your ancestors through language and history.

6. Some young people are uninterested in the history of their home country and rarely _____.

Everyday English (Tiếng Anh thường ngày)

Making suggestions (Đưa ra đề nghị)

2. Complete the dialogue with the phrases below.

(Hoàn thành đoạn hội thoại với các cụm từ sau.)

I couldn’t agree with you more.

It might be a good idea to

What are your thoughts?

I think we should

Your suggestion sounds good, but

Andy: So, we're supposed to do an assignment on tradition, right?

Sandra: Yes, that's right 1) _____ 

Andy: Well 2) _____ stress the importance of speaking the ancestral language and maintaining strong connections with the community.

Sandra: 3) _____ I also suggest mentioning young people's tendency to engage in cultural traditions and recreate some of their family recipes.

Andy: 4) _____ As we have two weeks ahead of us, we have to read a few articles on the subject and get some ideas, so we should pick two. 5) _____ focus on maintaining strong connections with the community and engaging in cultural traditions.

Sandra: OK. Let's do that.

Pronunciation (Ngữ âm)

Word stress - noun and verb pairs (Trọng âm của cặp danh từ và động từ)

3. Listen and mark the syllable that is stressed. Then decide if the word is a verb (v) or a noun (n). Listen again and repeat.

(Lắng nghe và đánh dấu vào âm tiết được nhấn. Sau đó quyết định xem từ này là động từ hay danh từ. Sau đó nghe và lặp lại.)

1. content

2. rebel

3. progress

4. insult

5. discount

6. conduct

7. subject

8. suspect

1. Read the leaflet and fill in the missing headings with Opening Hours, Tickets & Prices, Activities, Food, Date & Location, Transport, Before the Main Event, Facilities. There are two you won't need.

(Điền vào các tiêu đề bị thiếu với Opening Hours, Tickets & Prices, Activities, Food, Date & Location, Transport, Before the Main Event, Facilities. Có hai tiêu đề bạn không cần điền.)

MARDIGRAS in New Orleans

1) _____

This annual carnival takes place during the two weeks leading up to 'Fat Tuesday’, in February. It is a joyous celebration of culture and diversity. Our lively carnival is celebrated on the sheets of New Orleans and is a great way to learn about the city's many vibrant communities.

2) _____

In the past, different communities didn't celebrate Mardi Gras together, but today different cultures celebrate in one big event. Before the big day, there are masked Mardi Gras balls and lavish dinners, but the highlight is the wild street parades.

3) _____

The biggest of the 80 parades happens over the weekend. People showcase their culture through floats, costumes and musical traditions with eye-catching dance performances and lively music.

4) _____

Why not attend a King Cake party? Try the delicious pastries with purple, green and gold icing. If you get the piece with a plastic baby inside, you have to bring the King Cake next year.

5) _____

The carnival is free, and it is best to watch from the street. Some great locations include Canal Street and St. Charles Avenue. However, for the best views, you can buy a grandstand ticket for $10-$80.

6) _____

Many roads are closed for the parades, so it's a good idea to stay in the city centre and get around on foot. You can take a leisurely walk around at quiet times. 

2. Read the leaflet again and match the descriptive words in bold that have similar meaning to the words below.

(Đọc lại tờ rơi mội lần nữa và nối các từ mô tả in đậm với các từ có cùng nghĩa phía bên dưới.)

1. impressive = _____ 

2. vigorous = _____

3. relaxing = _____

4. variety = _____

3. Read the sentences (1-5) and replace the words or phrases in italics with those given in the list.

(Đọc các câu (1-5) và thay thế các từ hoặc cụm từ in nghiêng với những từ được cho trong danh sách.)

• tasty cakes • luxurious • happy event • demonstrate • yearly festival

1. Mardi Gras is a joyous celebration.

2. People come from all over the world to this annual carnival.

3. People attend lavish dinners in the two weeks before the main event.

4. Different communities showcase their culture with big floats.  

5. King Cakes are delicious pastries. 

Descriptive techniques (Kỹ thuật miêu tả)

4. Read the descriptions below and label them as Si (sight), H (hearing), Sm (smell), Ta (taste) or To (touch).

(Đọc các mô tả sau và dãn nhãn chúng bằng Si (nhìn), H (nghe), Sm (ngửi), Ta (nếm) hoặc To (chạm).)

1. Tourists will surely be surprised by the flavours of the local cuisine.

2. The view of the village from the mountaintop is spectacular.

3. Wherever you go, you will hear classical music.

4. The softest wool is sold in that village.

5. The streets fill up with the aroma of ground coffee. 

5. Research a festival online. Then write a leaflet (180-200 words) about the festival.

(Tra cứu một lễ hội trên mạng. Sau đó viết một tờ rơi (180 – 200 từ) về lễ hội.)

Dates & Location: writing about the dates and location 

(Ngày & Địa điểm: viết về ngày và địa điểm)

Activities: writing about a list of festival activities 

Hoạt động: viết về danh sách các hoạt động lễ hội)

Foods & Drinks: writing what you can eat or drink 

(Thực phẩm & Đồ uống: viết những gì bạn có thể ăn hoặc uống)

Opening hours: writing about the start and the end times 

(Giờ mở cửa: viết về thời gian bắt đầu và kết thúc)

Prices: writing about the price list 

(Giá cả: viết về bảng giá)

Conveniences: writing about directions and special features 

(Tiện ích: viết về đường đi và các tính năng đặc biệt)