IA Word families
1 Word families are groups of words formed from a base word. Complete the chart.
(Từ loại là nhóm từ được hình thành từ một từ gốc. Hoàn thành biểu đồ.)
Noun |
Adjective |
Verb |
Adverb |
wonder |
wonderful |
wonder |
wonderfully |
ease |
easy |
__________ |
__________ |
hope |
__________ |
__________ |
__________ |
__________ |
lazy |
__________ |
__________ |
beauty |
__________ |
__________ |
__________ |
__________ |
__________ |
create |
__________ |
__________ |
__________ |
please |
__________ |
__________ |
sad |
__________ |
__________ |
surprise |
__________ |
__________ |
__________ |
annoy |
__________ |
__________ |
__________ |
IC Adjective + preposition
3 Complete the sentences with the preposition below.
(Hoàn thành các câu với giới từ dưới đây.)
about |
at |
by |
from |
of |
on |
to |
with |
1 My little brother is obsessed _______ football. He talks about nothing else.
2 His unruly behaviour at school is charateristic _______ a troubled home life.
3 Your teacher is very concerned _______ your lack of progress in maths.
4 I know my car is getting old now, but I’m very attached _______ it.
5 Sarah is very emotionally detached _______ her family.
6 My grandma is very dependent _______ my parents.
7 You’re very skillful _______ putting your bike back together again.
8 He was completely shocked _______ his parent’s divorce.
1 Copy the table and write the phrasal verbs in the columns
(Sao chép bảng và viết các cụm động từ vào các cột)
ask someone out
break off something
chat someone up
fall for someone
get over someone/ something
go off someone
go out with someone
pack something in
run after someone
split up (with someone)
Starting a relationship |
Finishing a relationship |
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1 Check the meaning of the words below. Complete the newspaper article with one word in each gap.
(Kiểm tra nghĩa của các từ dưới đây. Hoàn thành bài báo với một từ trong mỗi chỗ trống.)
arrested |
authorities |
convicted |
court |
drug dealer |
judge |
operation |
prosecutor |
raided |
sentence |
summing up |
suspicion |
Carl Jones, a well-known 1__________, has finally been 2__________ for leading a family-run drugs 3 __________. Carl and four relatives were brought before a high-court 4 __________ to hear their 5__________ for their part in a drug supply ring.
6__________ Ian Wright QC told the 7__________ that Carl and his wife’s lavish lifestyle had made them conspicuous to the 8__________, as they still claimed state benefits. The drugs network was taken apart after police 9__________ their houses and the couple were immediately 10__________.
In 11__________, the judge told the couple that driving top-of-the-range sports cars around the housing estate where they lived was bound to cause 12__________.
1 Match the phrasal verbs with their formal equivalents.
(Nối các cụm động từ với các cụm động từ trang trọng tương đương của chúng.)
1 let someone know |
a represent |
2 look forward to |
b submit |
3 put off |
c inform |
4 hand in |
d anticipate |
5 stand for |
e omit |
6 leave out |
f postpone |
3 Complete the sentences with the adjectives below.
(Hoàn thành câu với các tính từ dưới đây.)
clean |
cold |
scary |
small |
starving |
terrible |
1 My room is always very _____________. I tidy it every day.
2 I want to go home. This party is really _____________!
3 I need some lunch now because I’m absolutely!
4 The food was good, bit the portions were rather _____________.
5 I don’t want a lift with Anna – her driving’s pretty _____________.
6 It was slightly too _____________ to be sitting outside in March.
6A Food preparation
(Chuẩn bị thức ăn)
1 Complete the recipe with the verbs below. Use a dictionary to help you.
(Hoàn thành công thức nấu ăn với các động từ bên dưới. Hãy sử dụng từ điển để giúp bạn.)
add |
beat |
crush |
melt |
pour |
stir |
whisk |
No-bake cheesecake
1_________some butter in a pan over a medium heat. Finely 2_________some biscuits and 3_________to the butter in the pan. Then put the mixture into a cake tin.
4_________some cream cheese and icing sugar together until they are soft. 5_________the cream until it is stiff and add to the cream cheese. 6_________in some chopped chocolate pieces.
Then 7_________the mixture over the biscuit base and put in the fridge to cool.
1 Read the Learn this! box. Make compound nouns from the phrasal verbs below. Use a dictionary to help you.
(Đọc phần Learn this! Tạo danh từ ghép từ các cụm động từ dưới đây. Hãy sử dụng từ điển để giúp bạn.)
crack down |
cut back |
rip off |
sell out |
stop off |
write off |
1 The show was complete _____________. The tickets were gone within minutes.
2 The police are having a _____________ on speeding. There are lots of police cars on the streets in the evening.
3 This flight has two _____________, one in Berlin and one in Bangkok.
4 You paid £300 for those boots? What a _____________!
5 I crashed my car and it turned out to be a complete _____________.
6 The health service is suffering from budget _____________ because of the economic climate.
2 Read the Learn this! box. Match the underlined words in the leadlines with their definations.
(Đọc phần Learn this! Nối các từ được gạch chân trong dòng tiêu đề với định nghĩa của chúng.)
be in charge of |
cut |
request |
resign |
1 Council to axe rural bus services
2 PRIME MISTER TO HEAD CLIMATE SUMMIT
3 Desperate plea for blood donors
4 FOOTBALL STAR TO QUIT AT END OF SEASON
2 Complete the sentences with the correct prefixes.
(Hoàn thành các câu với các tiền tố đúng.)
anti- |
ex- |
inter- |
mis- |
over- |
pre- |
re- |
under- |
up- |
1 At the airport, we were _________graded to first class because it was our honeymoon.
2 Your homework is unreadable. You’ll need to _________write it.
3 There were _________government demonstrations outside the House of Commons yesterday by people protesting about tax rises.
4 Twenty countries attended the _________national conference on global warming in Geneva.
5 Look at the bill. We didn’t have that much. We’ve been _________charged.
6 I won’t speak French because I’m scared that I’ll _________pronounce all the words
7 At the museum, we saw dinosaur bones from _________historic times.
8 The _________president of the company appeared at the ceremony.
9 Don’t _________estimate me. I’m capable of a lot more than you think.
2 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs below. Use each verb twice, once in a simple and once in a continuous form.
(Hoàn thành câu với dạng đúng của động từ dưới đây. Sử dụng mỗi động từ hai lần, một lần ở dạng đơn và một lần ở dạng tiếp diễn.)
have |
look |
see |
think |
1 I noticed that a man _____________ at our car.
2 My great-grandfather _____________ a clothes shop in London in the 1950s.
3 I _____________the doctor tomorrow about my cough.
4 I missed my stop because I _____________about dinner.
5 When we arrived, the teachers _____________a meeting.
6 It’s raining, but I _____________it will stop soon.
7 I _____________ that you’ve been eating my crisps!
8 That game _____________ fun. Can I have a go?
2.4 Preposition + noun phrases
(Giới từ + cụm danh từ)
A prepositional phrase is made up of a preposition and a noun phrase
at |
(not) at all at last at the moment |
for |
for a while for good for now for one thing |
in |
in control in doubt in effect in vain |
on |
on condition that on second thoughts on the whole |
under |
under arrest under control under the impression |
Tạm dịch
Cụm giới từ được tạo thành từ một giới từ và một cụm danh từ
at |
(not) at all (không có gì) at last (cuối cùng) at the moment (vào lúc này) |
for |
for a while (trong một khoảng thời gian ngắn) for good (mãi mãi) for now (hiện tại) for one thing (vì một lý do) |
in |
in control (trong tầm kiểm soát) in doubt (nghi ngờ) in effect (có hiệu lực) in vain (vô ích) |
on |
on condition that (với điều kiện là) on second thoughts (khi suy nghĩ lại) on the whole (nói chung) |
under |
under arrest (bị bắt giữ) under control (được kiểm soát) under the impression (bị ấn tượng) |
1 Complete the phrases with the correct preposition.
(Hoàn thành các cụm từ với giới từ đúng.)
1 I was going to have a shower, but ______ second.
2 He hasn’t bought any new clothes ______ a while.
3 Jenny’s been training for months and ______ last she’s ready to run a marathon.
4 Were you ______ the impression that the test is next week?
5 I’m not sure about walking into town. ______ one thing, it’s pretty cold outside.
6 Despite some delays, ______ the whole we had a good journey.
7 He tried ______ vain to open the window but it was complete stuck.
8 It seems his decision to go to university is now ___ doubt.
2 Write sentences about what the students will be doing or will have done. Use the prompts and the future continuous, future perfect simple, or future perfect continuous.
(Viết câu về những gì học sinh sẽ làm hoặc sẽ làm. Sử dụng các gợi ý và thì tương lai tiếp diễn, tương lai hoàn thành đơn hoặc tương lai hoàn thành tiếp diễn.)
2 Write sentences about what the students will be doing or will have done. Use the prompts and the future continuous, future perfect simple, or future perfect continuous.
(Viết câu về những gì học sinh sẽ làm hoặc sẽ làm. Sử dụng các gợi ý và thì tương lai tiếp diễn, tương lai hoàn thành đơn hoặc tương lai hoàn thành tiếp diễn.)
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8.30 a.m. / Sunday / eat
At 8.30 a.m. on Sunday they’ll be eating breakfast.
(Lúc 8h30 sáng Chủ nhật, họ sẽ đang ăn sáng.)
1 9 a.m. / Sunday / finish
2 10 a.m. / Sunday / wait
3 11.30 p.m / Monday / walk / two hours
4 1 p.m. / Monday / leave / Rome
5 2 p.m. / Monday / travel / train / Venice
6 6.30 p.m. / Monday / arrive / hostel
8.1 Emphasis
• We can make a sentence more emphatic by adding an extra clause to highlight key information.
Normal |
Emphatic |
You wanted to go to the beach. |
It was you (that / who) wanted to go to the beach. |
I’d like to meet Lady Gaga. |
The person I’d like to meet is Lady Gaga. |
He really wants to visit China. |
A place (that) he really wants to visit is China. |
I’ll never understand baseball. |
One thing I’ll never understand is baseball. |
She just walked the second half of the race. |
All she did was (to) walk the second half of the race. |
The fire alarm went off. |
What happened was (that) the fire alarm went off. |
• We often use It is / was … to make a contrast.
Sal finished the biscuits. I didn’t.
→ It was Sal who finished the biscuits, not me.
• After All (I) did was … or What (I) did was …, we use an infinitive with or without to.
What I did was (to) call the police.
However, after All that happened was … or What happened was …, we need a subject and a verb. We can put that before the subject.
All that happened was (that) they decided not to go to the café.
• Nominal clauses starting with that can function as the subject of a sentence.
It upsets me that we’re no longer friends.
A that-clause can begin a sentence, but we usually rephrase it with The fact that …
That we’re no longer friends upsets me. 🗴
The fact that we’re no longer friends upsets me.
Tạm dịch
• Chúng ta có thể làm cho câu trở nên nhấn mạnh hơn bằng cách thêm một mệnh đề phụ để làm nổi bật thông tin quan trọng.
Normal (Thông thường) |
Emphatic (Nhấn mạnh) |
You wanted to go to the beach. (Bạn muốn đi đến bãi biển.) |
It was you (that / who) wanted to go to the beach. (Chính là bạn (người mà) muốn đi biển.) |
I’d like to meet Lady Gaga. (Tôi muốn gặp Lady Gaga.) |
The person I’d like to meet is Lady Gaga. (Người tôi muốn gặp là Lady Gaga.) |
He really wants to visit China. (Anh ấy thực sự muốn đến thăm Trung Quốc.) |
A place (that) he really wants to visit is China. (Một nơi (mà) anh ấy thực sự muốn đến thăm là Trung Quốc.) |
I’ll never understand baseball. (Tôi sẽ không bao giờ hiểu được bóng chày.) |
One thing I’ll never understand is baseball. (Một điều tôi sẽ không bao giờ hiểu được là bóng chày.) |
She just walked the second half of the race. (Cô ấy vừa mới đi được nửa sau của cuộc đua.) |
All she did was (to) walk the second half of the race. (Tất cả những gì cô ấy làm là đi bộ ở nửa sau của cuộc đua.) |
The fire alarm went off. (Chuông báo cháy đã tắt.) |
What happened was (that) the fire alarm went off. (Điều đã xảy ra là (rằng) chuông báo cháy đã tắt.) |
• Chúng ta thường dùng It is/was … để tạo sự tương phản.
Sal đã ăn xong bánh quy. Tôi đã không làm vậy.
→ Chính Sal là người đã ăn hết bánh quy, không phải tôi.
• Sau tất cả gì tôi đã làm là … hoặc gì tôi đã làm là …, chúng ta dùng động từ nguyên mẫu có hoặc không có to.
Những gì tôi đã làm là gọi cảnh sát.
Tuy nhiên, sau tất cả mọi thứ đã xảy ra là … hoặc Chuyện đã xảy ra là …, chúng ta cần một chủ ngữ và một động từ. Chúng ta có thể đặt “that” trước chủ ngữ.
Tất cả những gì xảy ra là (rằng) họ quyết định không đi đến quán cà phê.
• Mệnh đề thông thường bắt đầu bằng “that” có thể đóng vai trò là chủ ngữ của câu.
Tôi cảm thấy khó chịu vì chúng tôi không còn là bạn bè nữa.
Mệnh đề “that” có thể bắt đầu một câu, nhưng chúng ta thường diễn đạt nó bằng The fact that …(sự thật là)
Việc chúng tôi không còn là bạn bè khiến tôi khó chịu.
1 Rewrite the sentences with an extra clause at the start for emphasis. Begin with the words in brackets.
English is my favourite subject. (It’s English …)
(Tiếng Anh là môn học yêu thích của tôi.)
It’s English that’s my favourite subject.
(Chính tiếng Anh là môn học yêu thích của tôi.)
1 The girls’ team won the quiz. (It was …)
_________________________________________________________________________
2 My parents stopped me from going out. (What happened …)
_________________________________________________________________________
3 Frank cycled to the river. (What Frank …)
_________________________________________________________________________
4 She gave them her opinion, that’s all. (All she …)
_________________________________________________________________________
5 The Egyptians built the Pyramids. (It was …)
_________________________________________________________________________
6 We just need five more minutes. (All we …)
_________________________________________________________________________
2 Rewrite the sentences, emphasising the underlined words. Begin with the phrases below.
(Viết lại câu, nhấn mạnh những từ gạch chân. Bắt đầu với các cụm từ dưới đây.)
One idea |
One person |
One thing |
The film |
The food |
The country |
1 I can’t stand having a cold.
_________________________________________________________________________
2 Neil will definitely know the answer.
_________________________________________________________________________
3 I’m really interested in going to Thailand.
_________________________________________________________________________
4 I really enjoyed The Hunger Games.
_________________________________________________________________________
5 She prefers Italian to Chinese.
_________________________________________________________________________
6 He suggested having a barbecue at his house.
_________________________________________________________________________
2 Work in pairs. A British exchange student is coming to stay with you when an important festival is on and has asked what happens during the event. Talk with him/her about the topics below.
(Làm việc theo cặp. Một sinh viên trao đổi người Anh sẽ đến ở cùng bạn khi một lễ hội quan trọng diễn ra và hỏi điều gì sẽ xảy ra trong sự kiện này. Nói chuyện với anh ấy/cô ấy về các chủ đề dưới đây.
accommodation |
clothes |
food and drink |
what to see |
chỗ ở |
quần áo |
đồ ăn thức uống |
xem gì |