Giải SGK, SBT Unit 8. Cities of the future English Discovery

1. Look at the photos (A-F) below. Write the phrases given under each photo.

(Nhìn vào các bức ảnh (A-F) bên dưới. Viết các cụm từ được đưa ra dưới mỗi bức ảnh.)

2 Listen to a dialogue between a mother and her daughter discussing future cities. Choose the best answer.

(Lắng nghe cuộc đối thoại giữa một người mẹ và con gái của cô ấy thảo luận về các thành phố trong tương lai. Hay chọn đán án đúng nhât.)

1. What will the infrastructure of future cities be designed to do?

a save energy

b save food

c use more robots

2. What type of energy will we rely on in the future?

a. natural energy

b. nonrenewable energy

c. sustainable energy

3. Where might future food come from?

a. industrial farms

b. rural areas

c. urban farms

4. How will we get around town in the future?

a. by high-speed transportation

b. by underground tubes

c. by automated taxis

3. Match the words (1-5) with their meanings (A-E).

(Nối các từ (1-5) với nghĩa của chúng (A-E).)

1. city dweller

2. megacity

3. metropolis

4. amenity

5. residential area

A. a useful facility of a place

B. someone who lives in a city or town

C. a part of a city where people live

D. the most important city in a region or country

E. a very large city of usually over 10 million people

4. Complete the sentences with the best option.

(Hoàn thành các câu với lựa chọn tốt nhất.)

1. Some megacities/ city dwellers are now so overcrowded that residents are leaving.

2. If there are not enough livable areas in New York, I might move to a metropolis/ residential area in the suburb.

3. I hope automated technology/ urban farming catches on in our city. I'd love to grow my own food.

4. The well-developed infrastructure of future cities will make residential areas/high- speed transportation a possibility. We can save a lot of time travelling around.

5. It's possible for our city to rely more on automated technology/ sustainable energy since we have so much sunshine.

5. Complete the text with the correct word form. Use the given clues in bold.

(Hoàn thành đoạn văn với dạng từ đúng. Sử dụng các từ gợi ý được in đậm.)

Many things in our lives are currently not (automate) ¹_________. Take cooking and washing clothes for instance. Thus, we do expect that (technology) ²_________ advances in the future will allow machines to do even more work for us. But we must make sure these machines are powered by (sustain) ³_________ sources of energy. Otherwise, we'll run out of energy. In some big cities, many people have moved to suburban areas where life is less noisy and crowded. Future cities will need to have (live) ⁴_________ pockets of green spaces and quiet (resident) ⁵_________  housing while still being able to offer modern amenities for us.

6. Work in groups of four. Each group gives four predictions about future cities. Use the words/phrases learnt in this lesson.

(Làm việc trong nhóm bốn. Mỗi nhóm đưa ra bốn dự đoán về các thành phố trong tương lai. Sử dụng các từ/cụm từ đã học trong bài học này.)

We guess in the future city dwellers will choose to live close to modern amenities.

(Chúng tôi đoán trong tương lai cư dân thành phố sẽ chọn sống gần các tiện nghi hiện đại.)

1. How will homes be smarter in the future? In pairs, list the possible technologies you will be able to use in future homes.

(Những ngôi nhà sẽ thông minh hơn trong tương lai như thế nào? Làm việc theo cặp, liệt kê những công nghệ bạn có thể sử dụng trong những ngôi nhà tương lai.)

2. Read the text and answer the questions.

(Đọc đoạn văn và trả lời các câu hỏi.)

In 2035, you will be living in a smart home. It will be controlled by a computer system that monitors everything going on. While you are away, it will be switching lights on and off, controlling the temperature in each room, and even opening windows to allow air in. It will be searching for signs of thieves. Additionally, your smart home will be monitoring your children and pets, letting you know by text message if anything is wrong.

1. By which year will you be living in a smart home?

2. What will be controlling your home?

3. How will your smart home inform you about your children?

4. What will your smart home do with your pets?

3. Fill in the blanks using the words from the box.

(Điền vào chỗ trống bằng cách sử dụng các từ trong hộp.)

1. By only using our devices, we will be able to completely manage our __________.

2. Our city's traffic will someday be __________ artificial intelligence to avoid

accidents.

3. Robots __________ lighting and temperature in the house to ensure it is comfortable.

4. Read the GRAMMAR FOCUS. Find examples of Future Continuous in the text in Exercise 2.

(Đọc TRỌNG TÂM NGỮ PHÁP. Tìm các ví dụ về Tương lai tiếp diễn trong văn bản ở Bài tập 2.)

Tạm dịch:

5. Put the verbs into the correct Future Continuous form.

(Đặt các động từ ở dạng đúng của thì Tương lai tiếp diễn.)

1. In 50 years from now, we ______ (live) in smart homes.

2. In 2050, my family ______ (grow) our own food in urban farms.

3. In the future, automated technology ______  (monitor) our homes which will

make our lives easier.

4. We ______ (not work) in overcrowded cities in 100 years from now.

5. In 2055, many parts of my country ______ (use) sustainable energy.

6. In pairs, write down different years in the future (e.g., 2025, 2030, 2050, 2075) and the events that will occur in your lives. Then ask and answer your partner about the years.

(Làm việc theo cặp, viết các năm khác nhau trong tương lai (ví dụ: 2025, 2030, 2050, 2075) và các sự kiện sẽ xảy ra trong cuộc đời của bạn. Sau đó hỏi và trả lời bạn cặp về những năm đó)

A: 2050

B: You will be getting married in that year. Is that correct?

A: No, it isn't. I will be living in a mansion.

(A: 2050

B: Bạn sẽ kết hôn trong năm đó. Đúng không?

A: Không, không phải vậy. Tớ sẽ sống trong một biệt thự.)

1. Look at the photos. In pairs, answer these questions:

(Nhìn vào những bức ảnh. Theo cặp, trả lời các câu hỏi sau:)

1. What is special about each means of transport?

2. What type of energy do you think they will run on?

2 Listen to a lecture given by a professor about how people in New York City will travel in the next 50 years. Tick (✓) the main ideas discussed in the lecture.

(Nghe bài giảng của một giáo sư về cách người dân ở Thành phố New York sẽ đi du lịch trong 50 năm tới. Đánh dấu (✓) vào những ý chính được thảo luận trong bài giảng.)

         1. The types of future transport

         2. The purpose of future transport

         3. The type of energy needed to power future transport

         4. The types of infrastructure future transport will use

3 Listen again and complete the summary of the lecture with A WORD or A NUMBER from the lecture.

(Nghe lại và hoàn thành phần tóm tắt bài giảng với MỘT TỪ hoặc MỘT SỐ từ bài giảng.)

There will be three types of transport used in the future in New York City. The first type is electric ¹________ which will be used for travelling short distances. The second type is used for traveling distances less than ²________ kilometres and these are autonomous helicopters and drone buses. The last type maglev trains and ⁴________ will transport people very far distances. All three types of transport will rely upon sustainable energy such as ⁵________ energy.

4. Discuss in pairs: What means of transport mentioned in the lecture will become real in your city/town in 50 years from now?

(Thảo luận theo cặp: Phương tiện giao thông nào được đề cập trong bài giảng sẽ trở thành hiện thực ở thành phố/thị trấn của bạn sau 50 năm nữa?)

Context clues

(Ngữ cảnh)

1. Look at the photos. In pairs, discuss: Do you want to live in places like these? In what ways can public spaces be made greener for future cities?

(Nhìn vào những bức ảnh. Thảo luận theo cặp: Bạn có muốn sống ở những nơi như thế này không? Bằng những cách nào có thể làm cho không gian công cộng trở nên xanh hơn cho các thành phố trong tương lai?)

2. Read the article. Find the clues that help you identify the meanings of highlighted words and write them in the table below. Then match them with the types of context clues given.

(Đọc bài báo. Tìm manh mối giúp bạn xác định nghĩa của các từ được đánh dấu và viết chúng vào bảng bên dưới. Sau đó kết hợp chúng với các loại ngữ cảnh được đưa ra.)

Singapore is becoming known as the City of Nature.

¹Singaporean officials are purposely designing the city to use green spaces. The city has plants on roofs and in vertical gardens as part of its intention to create a more biodiverse city.

Originally, Singapore decided to go green as means of creating a desirable image, attracting visitors, and providing a more livable experience for its city dwellers. But “greening” the metropolis, the process of using plants to enhance a place, has also contributed to helping reduce urban heat, assist with sustainable water management, and improve the city's biodiversity.

²Bishan-Ang Mo Kio Park, for example, has been designed to effectively catch rainwater. Singapore relies on neighboring Malaysia for its water supply, so this feature will save natural resources. The park's architects hope that local residents will enjoy the park.

³In the future, they will want to take more of an active role in protecting their natural environment.

Singapore has limited space for growth, so the only way to expand is to go vertical, not horizontal. New buildings are now using every available metre for green spaces.

⁴City dwellers will realize that they can coexist with nature in an urban environment. By 2030, Singapore will have one million more trees to absorb carbon dioxide from cars and clean the air, making it both greener and healthier.

⁵Several European cities are now studying the example that Singapore provides to learn from it as they plan their own cities.

*Singapore: city/ country

3. Read the article again. Decide if the numbered sentences are facts or opinions. Write F (fact) or O (opinion) next to the numbers below.

(Đọc lại bài viết. Quyết định xem các câu được đánh số là sự thật hay ý kiến. Viết F (thực tế) hoặc O (ý kiến) bên cạnh những con số dưới đây.)

1. ___________________

2. ___________________

3. ___________________

4. ___________________

5. ___________________

4. Read the article again and choose the best option to complete each statement below.

(Đọc bài viết một lần nữa và chọn lựa chọn tốt nhất để hoàn thành mỗi mệnh đề dưới đây.)

1. Singapore wanted to become an eco- friendly city to attract more _____.

a. biodiversity

b. carbon dioxide

c. tourists

2. Singaporean people found that becoming a green city also meant that they were able to improve their city's _____.

a. biodiversity

b. parks

c. vertical gardens

3. Bishan-Ang Mo Kio is a green _____.

a. metropolis

b. park

c. vertical garden

4. Architects believe that locals will eventually want to do more to protect their _____

a. city dwellers

b. natural environment

c. rainwater

5. Singapore cannot expand _____

a. horizontally

b. overseas

c. vertically

5. Complete the definitions by using the words in the box below.

(Hoàn thành các định nghĩa bằng cách sử dụng các từ trong hộp dưới đây.)

1. ___________ : having a large variety of plants and animals

2. ___________ : to do activities that make your community more environmentally-friendly

3. ___________ : a type of environment where there is little or no human impact

4. ___________: able to continue over a period of time

5. ___________: : available water for a place

Future Perfect (tương lai hoàn thành)

1. Look at the photo. In pairs, discuss: Is it possible to build future cities from plastics? Why (not)?

(Nhìn vào bức hình. Làm việc theo cặp, thảo luận: Có thể xây dựng các thành phố trong tương lai từ nhựa không? Tại sao không)?)

2. Read the passage below about how buildings in 2060 will be constructed. Which type of new building technique seems most possible?

(Đọc đoạn văn dưới đây về cách các tòa nhà vào năm 2060 sẽ được xây dựng. Loại kỹ thuật xây dựng mới nào có vẻ khả thi nhất?)

Construction

Techniques in 2060

Urban mining: By 2060, future builders will have used materials, such as glass and metal, mined from older buildings to construct modern buildings of the future.

Turning waste into building materials: By 2060, engineers will have created a new type of stone for tiles and surface materials made from concrete found in old buildings. They will also have made bricks from plastic water bottles.

Using biological materials: Substances from bacteria and mushrooms will have been applied to cracks in concrete.

3. Match the words in the box with their definitions.

(Nối các từ trong hộp với định nghĩa của chúng.)

1. _________: to remove resources from the ground

2. _________: solid substances used for making things

3. _________ : a substance used for building made of water, sand, small rocks, and cement

4. Choose the correct option to answer the questions.

(Chọn phương án đúng để trả lời các câu hỏi.)

1. What will buildings in the future be made of?

a. materials freshly mined from the Earth

b. materials made from old bricks

c. materials mined from old buildings

2. What will be made from concrete in old buildings?

a. glass tiles           b. plastic tiles                   c. stone tiles

3. What will bricks be made from?

a. glass water bottles

b. metal water bottles

c. plastic water bottles

4. What will be used to fill in cracks found in concrete?

a. substances from bacteria

b. substances from old bricks

c. substances from plastic

5. How many modern construction techniques were mentioned in the passage?

a. two                     b three                              c. four

5. Read the GRAMMAR FOCUS and complete the examples with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.

(Đọc NGỮ PHÁP TRỌNG TÂM và hoàn thành các ví dụ với dạng đúng của động từ trong ngoặc.)

1. By next year, our city ________ (finish) the urban farming project.

2. By the year 2055, we ________ (build) entire cities from used materials.

3. They ________ (mine) all the concrete from the old buildings by 2044.

4. ________ they ________ (design) our new condo with vertical gardens by the end of the year?

5. The government ________ (not complete) its plans to increase biodiversity in our city by 2030.

Tạm dịch:

6.  Work in groups. Answer the question: What will the environment of our future cities be like in the next 30 years?

(Làm việc nhóm. Trả lời câu hỏi: Môi trường của các thành phố tương lai của chúng ta sẽ như thế nào trong 30 năm tới?)

By 2050, our city will have been/used/had....

both, either, neither, none

1. Look at the photos. Do you think urban farming will be more popular in big cities in the future? Why (not)?

(Nhìn vào những bức ảnh. Bạn có nghĩ rằng nông nghiệp đô thị sẽ phổ biến hơn ở các thành phố lớn trong tương lai? Tại sao không)?)

2. Read the passage and tick (✓) True or False.

More city dwellers are turning to urban farming in metropolises across the globe. Urban farming is involved with both growing food and raising animals and insects, such as chicken and bees. People are drawn to it because it either allows them to relax or connect with nature or to grow organic fruits and vegetables. Today's urban residents want to buy neither food treated with pesticides nor food imported from far away.

                                                                                                       T        F

1. City dwellers in small towns are taking up urban farming.

2. Some urban farmers keep bees.

3. People find urban farming relaxing.

4. Most urban farms use pesticides.

5. Urban farming helps us become less reliant on importing food.

3. Study the LANGUAGE FOCUS. Then choose the best option to complete the sentences.

(Học NGÔN NGỮ TRỌNG TÂM. Sau đó chọn phương án đúng nhất để hoàn thành câu.)

Tạm dịch:

1. Both/Both of megacities are trying to grow vertically.

2. Either/None of the urban farms are raising bees.

3. Either/Either of the hyperloops will be able to transport us across the city quickly.

4, Neither/Neither of maglev trains nor hyperloops are planned for our city yet.

5. All new condos in our city will have either/ either of an urban farm or a vertical garden.

6. Both of/Either the metropolises want more biodiversity and natural environments in their cities.

4. Rewrite the sentences using the words in brackets.

(Viết lại các câu sử dụng các từ trong ngoặc.)

1. We can mine concrete and materials from the old buildings. [both]

__________________________________________________.

2. Cars and busses don't use sustainable energy. [neither]

__________________________________________________.

3. Please show your city plans to this architect or that architect. [either of]

__________________________________________________.

4. The two overcrowded residential areas need to go green. [both of]

________________________________________________.

5. The room temperature and rainwater are monitored by computers. [both]

__________________________________________________.

5. Imagine that you want to be an urban farmer. What problems will you have to face? In groups, make notes and present to the class. Use both, either, neither, none in your discussion.

(Hãy tưởng tượng rằng bạn muốn trở thành một nông dân thành thị. Bạn sẽ phải đối mặt với những vấn đề gì? Theo nhóm, ghi chép và trình bày trước lớp. Sử dụng “both, either, neither, none” trong cuộc thảo luận của bạn.)

I think we will have to care about both what to grow and where to grow our food.

(Tôi nghĩ chúng ta sẽ phải quan tâm đến cả việc trồng gì và trồng thực phẩm ở đâu.)

A letter (Bức thư)

1. What challenges will Hà Nội face in 2050? List down the challenges with a partner.

(Hà Nội sẽ đối mặt với những thách thức nào vào năm 2050? Liệt kê những thách thức với một bạn cặp.)

2. Read the letter expressing concerns about the challenges Tokyo will face in 2050. How many challenges are mentioned?

(Đọc bức thư bày tỏ lo ngại về những thách thức mà Tokyo sẽ phải đối mặt vào năm 2050. Có bao nhiêu thách thức được đề cập?)

Dear Jack,

In my geography class today, we learned about future cities, and I'm concerned about Tokyo's future.

Since 91% of Japanese live in urban centres, I'm fearful that many people will be in danger if there are any environmental threats, such as flooding, earthquakes, tropical cyclones, heat waves, or epidemics. I find it concerning that just one of these could be a catastrophe for Tokyo.

Cities need energy, food, and water to support their large populations. But as megacities expand, there are fewer areas to catch rainwater or to grow crops. Furthermore, the demand for energy to power a megacity will also increase. More food will need to be grown, but there will be less available farmland due to the expansion of cities. I fear that we simply don't have enough food, energy, or water for further urban growth.

I'm worried that all these challenges will mean the prices of energy, food and water will continue to increase. This will cause serious problems for the poor making it difficult for them to survive.

Best, Michiko

3. Read the WRITING FOCUS. Then choose the right word to complete the sentences.

(Đọc TRỌNG TÂM VIẾT. Sau đó chọn từ thích hợp để hoàn thành câu.)

Tạm dịch:

1. We are concerned about / that Seoul's future.

2. She is worrying/worried that her city will not have enough freshwater.

3. I am not too concerned about / that population growth in my city.

4. I find it concerning/concerned that the poor will be the most affected by city growth.

5. They are fear/fearful that in 50 years from now there may not be enough energy to power our city.

4. Write sentences from the words given. You may need to change the forms of some words.

(Viết câu từ những từ đã cho. Bạn có thể cần phải thay đổi hình thức của một số từ.)

1. I/worried/urban farming / not work / my city.

______________________________________________

2. I/concerned / our area/soon/not have / enough biodiversity.

______________________________________________

3. We/fearful/the industrial estate / not go green.

______________________________________________

4. She finds / concerning / there are few cycle lanes / suburbs.

______________________________________________

5. I/not worried/ that our city/harmed / a natural disaster.

______________________________________________

5. Write a letter to a friend (150-180 words) expressing concerns about challenges that your city/town or a city you know will face in the future.

(Viết một lá thư cho một người bạn (150-180 từ) bày tỏ mối quan tâm về những thách thức mà thành phố/thị trấn của bạn hoặc một thành phố mà bạn biết sẽ gặp phải trong tương lai.)

1. Your school is organizing a speaking contest. Students will talk about "Your Ideal City in 2050". In groups, write down your ideas about:

(Trường học của bạn đang tổ chức một cuộc thi nói. Học sinh sẽ nói về "Thành phố lý tưởng của bạn vào năm 2050". Theo nhóm, viết ra ý tưởng của bạn về:)

• technology
• means of transport
• public spaces
• recycling program
• urban farming

2 Listen and read the presentation a student has made. Check if you understand the highlighted phrases.

(Nghe và đọc phần trình bày của học sinh. Kiểm tra xem bạn có hiểu các cụm từ được tô màu không.)

Good morning. Let me start by asking you to imagine this. It's the year 2050, and you will be going to school today. You will have taken a drone bus to school many times, but today you will walk. Architects will have designed your city so that all city dwellers can reach both their schools and workplaces in only 15 minutes by foot even from the suburbs. You will be enjoying the green parks and smart buildings that you pass by on the way to school. You will even pass by a sustainable industrial estate that does not pollute the environment. Not all students will be walking to school today, some will be riding their electric scooters in cycle lanes. On one side of your school is a recreational centre. And on the other side is a green space with tall trees and vertical farms with all sorts of local biodiversity. This week, every student will be spending one hour working on the vertical farms to grow fresh vegetables for school lunches. When your school is built, the builders will not use either concrete or metal. Instead, they will use recycled plastic to construct the school.

Does this sound like a city you would like to live in?

In my presentation today, I will share with you how our future cities will be designed to improve our lives, enhance biodiversity, and make living in a big metropolis more comfortable.

Let's start with how cities will be designed to improve our lives…

3. Match the pictures with the words given in the box below.

(Nối các bức tranh với các từ cho sẵn trong khung bên dưới.)

4. Look at the three ways to attract an audience and decide which technique is used in the presentation above.

(Hãy xem xét ba cách để thu hút khán giả và quyết định kỹ thuật nào được sử dụng trong phần trình bày ở trên.)

Tạm dịch:

5. Work with a partner and write a different opening for the talk in Exercise 2 using one of the other hooks in the SPEAKING FOCUS.

(Làm việc với một bạn cùng lớp và viết một đoạn mở đầu khác cho bài nói trong Bài tập 2 bằng cách sử dụng một trong các câu dẫn trong phần NÓI TRỌNG TÂM.)

1. Complete each sentence using the words from the box. Not all of the words will be used.

(Hoàn thành mỗi câu bằng cách sử dụng các từ trong hộp. Không phải tất cả các từ sẽ được sử dụng.)

1. Architects are working hard to design a city that will ________.

2. By 2030, there will have been many ________ created for electric scooters and bicycles in our city.

3. We need to ensure our natural environment remains ________ enough for the future.

4. By 2044, most construction ________ will have been mined from older building.

5. A smart home can be ________ a smartphone, even while you are away from home. 

2. Match one word from A with one word from B to make Word Friends.

(Ghép một từ từ A với một từ từ B để tạo thành một từ có nghĩa.)

automated                         areas

livable                              farm

electric                              centre

recreation                         scooter

a high-speed                     energy

sustainable                       technology

industrial                          estate

vertical                             transportation

3. Choose the correct option to complete the sentences in the dialogue.

(Chọn phương án đúng để hoàn thành các câu trong đoạn hội thoại.)

Mike: It's likely that in 25 years from now we ¹will have used/will be using up most of the nearby farmland for our city.

Trang: Does that mean we won't have enough farmland?

Mike: Exactly. It will also mean we ²rely/will be relying on more advanced technology to grow more food or otherwise we won't be able to grow enough.

Trang: Yes, I see. If there isn't enough farmland, then we won't be able to produce enough food. But what about cities?

Mike: What do you mean?

Trang: I think we ³will have used/will be using some areas of the city to grow food.

Mike: Yes, that is called urban farming. In fact, it is being done now in some cities. I'm sure that by 2050, it ⁴will have become/will become common in all megacities.

Trang: I'm also concerned that we ⁵are not using/ will not be using enough sustainable energy in the future.

4. Fill in the blanks using the words / phrases from the box.

(Điền vào chỗ trống sử dụng các từ/cụm từ trong hộp.)

1. We will have finished _____ the city’s hyperloop and the maglev by next year.

2. Every resident in our living area will be given _____ an electric scooter or a

bicycle by the end of the year.

3. In 2030, _____ the natural environment around our city will be used for farming.

4. Our city has _____ any vertical farms nor cycle lanes.

5. The overcrowded megacities have _____ system nor a well-developed infrastructure.

5 Listen to a presentation about urban farming and vertical gardens. Then tick (✓) the key points of the presentation.

(Nghe thuyết trình về nông nghiệp đô thị và vườn thẳng đứng. Sau đó đánh dấu (✓) vào những điểm chính của bài thuyết trình.)

         1. Urban farms are good for the environment.

         2. Urban farms won't help the environment or food supply much.

         3. People are curious about the food they grow.

         4. Singapore has vertical farms.

         5. Urban farms bring people together.

         6. Vertical gardens should be used if there is limited space.

6. In groups, add an opening to the presentation in Exercise 5, using one of the three strategies in Lesson 8.8.

(Theo nhóm, thêm phần mở đầu cho phần trình bày ở Bài tập 5, sử dụng một trong ba chiến lược ở Bài 8.8.)

1. Match the pictures to the following words.

(Nối các hình ảnh với các từ sau.)

1. sustainable energy

2. well-developed infrastructure

3. residential area

4. high-speed transportation

5. city dweller

6. urban farming

2. Match the words with their meanings.

(Nối các từ với nghĩa của chúng.)

1 automated technology

2 megacity

3 livable area

4 amenity

5 metropolis

a something that makes life more pleasant or comfortable for people

b place that is suitable for living in

c using machines to do work instead of people

d a very large city, often the most important city in a large area

e a very large city that has a population of over 10 million people

3. Fill in the blanks with the words below.

(Điền vào chỗ trống những từ dưới đây.)

1 We will rely on sustainable energy in the future when we run out of _______

resources such as coal, natural gas, and oil.

2 Our future food might come from _______

3 _______ will be an effective means of transportation to get around town.

4 Some megacities where _______are leaving are now overcrowded.

5 We expect that _______ will allow machines to do more work for humans.

6 To travel in future cities, we will only have to order an _______, then it will drive itself.

4. Choose the correct form of the words given below to complete the sentences.

(Chọn dạng đúng của các từ cho dưới đây để hoàn thành câu.)

1 The city will provide free high-speed _________ to celebrate New Years. (TRANSPORT)

2 The government should do more to promote _________ agriculture (SUSTAIN)

3 Hồ Chí Minh City may be the most _________ city in Việt Nam. (LIVE)

4 Fossil fuels are _________ and rapidly running out. (RENEW)

5 Many developed countries invest in _________ farms. (INDUSTRY)

1. Fill in the blanks using the words from the box.

(Điền vào chỗ trống bằng cách sử dụng các từ trong khung.)

1 Smart home automation uses internet- connected devices to ________ lighting in the house.

2 A robot will be able to completely manage our ________.

3 Smart showers can be ________ your phone or via their digital controllers.

2. Put the verbs into the correct Future Continuous form.

(Viết các động từ ở dạng Tương lai tiếp diễn đúng.)

1 In a ten years' time, most people ________ (use) electric cars.

2 In 20 years from now, we ________ (live) in smart homes.

3 In the future, people ________ (create) many more types of smart devices.

4 In 2040, a smart thermostat works ________ (learn) how you use energy in your home.

5 We ________ (decorate) our new house with smart devices at the weekend.

3. Use the given words or phrases to complete the sentences.

(Sử dụng các từ hoặc cụm từ cho sẵn để hoàn thành câu.)

1 It / seem / that / smart home / control by / computer system /.

___________________________________________

2 We / be / live / in / smart / home / in 2035/.

___________________________________________

3 While / you / away, it / switching / lights / on / off/.

___________________________________________

4 I / think / technology / make / world / better place/.

___________________________________________

5 We / use / mobiles / turn on / everything / homes/.

___________________________________________

4. Correct one mistake in each sentence.

(Sửa một lỗi sai trong mỗi câu.)

1 In the future, technology will allows people to be free from any housework.

___________________________________________

2 We can having robot helpers to clean the house and cook the meals.

___________________________________________

3 It is predicted that robots will look up the children.

___________________________________________

4 Robots will have the ability to show feelings under their faces.

___________________________________________

5 Space tourist will be a popular type of holiday in the future.

___________________________________________

5. Write down the future (e.g., 2025, 2030, 2050, 2075) and the events that will occur in your life.

(Viết ra tương lai (ví dụ: 2025, 2030, 2050, 2075) và những sự kiện sẽ xảy ra trong cuộc đời bạn.)

E.g:

By 2025, I will be getting married.

(Đến năm 2025 tôi sẽ kết hôn.)

I will be living in a mansion in 2030.

(Tôi sẽ sống trong một biệt thự vào năm 2030.)

1. Match the pictures from A to E with names of different means of transport from 1 to 5.

(Nối các hình ảnh từ A đến E với tên các phương tiện giao thông khác nhau từ 1 đến 5.)

1 automated helicopter

2 hyperloop

3 flying taxi

4 subway

5 driverless car

2. Let's guess! Among different types of transport in Exercise 1, which ones are available for public use? Which ones are in the future?

(Hãy đoán xem! Trong số các loại phương tiện giao thông khác nhau ở Bài tập 1, loại nào được sử dụng công cộng? Những cái nào trong tương lai?)

• Means of transport available for public use: ___________________________________

• Means of transport in the future: ___________________________________

3. Listen to a talk show with a professor, Dr. Robert, about how people in metropolitan cities will travel in the next 50 years. Tick (✔) the five words you can listen to from the talk show and match with their definitions a-e.

(Nghe một chương trình trò chuyện với giáo sư, Tiến sĩ Robert, về cách người dân ở các thành phố đô thị sẽ đi lại trong 50 năm tới. Đánh dấu ( ✔) năm từ bạn có thể nghe từ chương trình trò chuyện và nối với định nghĩa của chúng từ a-e.)

1 ☐ sustainable

2 ☐ metropolitan 

3 ☐ transform 

4 ☐ infrastructure

5 ☐ innovations 

6 ☐ monitor

7 ☐ high-speed 

8 ☐ rush hour 

a_____________: relating to a city and the densely populated surrounding areas

b_____________: to change the character or appearance of something in order to improve it

c_____________: the busy part of the day when towns and cities are crowded

d_____________: used to describe something that moves very quickly

e_____________: new ideas or methods

4. Tick (✔) the main ideas discussed in the talk show.

(Đánh dấu ( ✔) những ý chính được thảo luận trong talkshow.)

1 ☐ The purpose of future transport

2 ☐ The type of energy needed to power future transport

3 ☐ The types of future transport

5. Listen again and complete the summary of the lecture with A WORD or A NUMBER from the talk show.

(Nghe lại và hoàn thành phần tóm tắt của bài giảng bằng MỘT TỪ hoặc SỐ từ talk show.)

Nowadays, with the blooming population, many big cities have to face two big issues: air pollution and road ¹ _________

There are several types of transports used in the future to solve those issues. The first type is a system of ² _________roadways. Cars, motorbikes and other private vehicles will be transported in the tunnels. This is ³ _________because whatever kinds of weather, people can commute to their destinations easily. The second type is maglev trains with the fastest speed ⁴ _________ km/h. Compared to traditional trains, they are much faster and have less noise and ⁵ _________. The last type of future transport is flying cars. On the ground, the speed can reach 120 km/h, but in the air it is approximately ⁶ _________ km/h.

6. What means of transport mentioned in the talk show will become real in your city in 50 years from now? Guess and explain.

(Phương tiện giao thông nào được đề cập trong talk show sẽ trở thành hiện thực ở thành phố của bạn sau 50 năm nữa? Hãy đoán và giải thích.)

1. Look at the pictures. Do you know in what ways can mobile apps assist us in protecting the environment?

(Nhìn vào những bức tranh. Bạn có biết ứng dụng di động có thể hỗ trợ chúng ta bảo vệ môi trường bằng những cách nào không?)

2. Read the article. Find the clues that help you identify the meanings of underlined words and write them in the table below. Then match them with the types of context clues given.

(Đọc bài viết. Tìm những manh mối giúp bạn xác định nghĩa của những từ được gạch chân và viết chúng vào bảng dưới đây. Sau đó nối chúng với các loại manh mối ngữ cảnh đã cho.)

Types of context clues: contrast, definition, example, logic, word form

Welcome to Lahti - The European Green Capital!

Finland is one of the greenest countries in the world. Lahti, a city in Southern Finland, has long been exemplary in its environmental efforts. In 2021, this country won the award for European Green Capital, setting the model for other European countries to follow. Here is why:

IT ALL STARTED WITH THE LAKE

People in Lahti wanted to change the situation of the polluted lakes and rivers in the area. Lake restoration is one of their first environmental movements. Biomanipulation, the practice in which humans intentionally add or remove species from ecosystems, holds the key. This method helped to restore healthy water and bring back living creatures to the lakes.

CUTTING DOWN EMISSIONS TO ZERO

Lahti stopped using coal in 2019. Now Lahti is heated with recycled fuel, not fossil fuels. They also use wood from the bioenergy plant. Most urban travel is via public transport, cycling and walking. Emissions from large industrial facilities have been held back and reduced significantly.

REWARDS FOR FOLLOWING THE CO2, LIMITS

Residents are required to sign up for a mobile app called "CitiCAP". This app sets a CO2 limit for people to stick to each week. Locals can track their daily carbon footprint when it comes to transport. If people stay within the limit, they are rewarded. This makes it a big incentive to get the bus to work instead of driving.

THE IMPORTANCE OF JOINT EFFORTS

Nature is an important part of the lives of Finns. Therefore they understand its value and are willing to act for the environment. Lahti provides the world with an important lesson, that is in order to achieve a greener tomorrow, we need joint efforts from individuals.

3. Read the article again and choose the best option to complete each statement below.

(Đọc lại bài viết và chọn phương án đúng nhất để hoàn thành mỗi câu dưới đây.)

1 Lahti has long been a model for other cities due to its ________.

a environmental efforts

b being one of the greenest cities in the world

c being the capital of Europe

2 Residents in Lahti first dealt with the problem of ________.

a adding or removing species

b polluted lakes and rivers

c healthy water

3 At present, Lahti is heated with recycled fuel and ________.

a coal

b wood from the bioenergy plant

c fossil fuels

4 Locals who stick to the CO2 limit in "CitiCAP" are ________.

a given a bus ticket

b given a reward

c allowed to drive more than usual

5 People in Finland love nature and they are ________.

a happy to act for the environment

b not willing to protect the environment

c ready to act individually rather than collectively.

4. Complete the definitions by using the words in the box below.

(Hoàn thành các định nghĩa bằng cách sử dụng các từ trong khung bên dưới.)

1 _______________: something achieved by a group of people working together.

2 _______________: a community of living organisms that live and interact with each other in a specific environment.

3 _______________: the act of being an extremely good example for others to follow.

4 _______________: a total of the amount of carbon dioxide that someone's activities produce.

5 _______________: a renewable energy produced from natural sources.

5. Imagine that your neighborhoods are surrounded with polluted lakes, rivers or oceans. It also had poor air quality. Explain at least THREE ways to make your neighborhood "greener" and "healthier" for the residents.

(Hãy tưởng tượng rằng khu phố của bạn được bao quanh bởi các hồ, sông hoặc đại dương bị ô nhiễm. Nó cũng có chất lượng không khí kém. Giải thích ít nhất BA cách để làm cho khu phố của bạn “xanh hơn” và “lành mạnh hơn” cho người dân.)

1. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.

(Hoàn thành câu với dạng đúng của động từ trong ngoặc.)

1 It is believed that by 2025, the northern area (repurpose) _________ into a green space covered with grass, trees and other vegetation.

2 Before 2040, investment in rural facilities (increase) _________ to promote agricultural productivity, especially in developing nations.

3 It is expected that the global maternal mortality rate (decrease) _________ by the end of 2030.

4 They estimated that space tourism (be) _________ a dream come true by 2050, which will help to solve the problem of energy on Earth.

5 _________ people in this mountainous area (get) _________ access to the Internet by 2023?

2. Find and correct the mistakes in the sentences.

(Tìm và sửa lỗi sai trong câu.)

1 By 2030, people from every corner of the world have reached the relevant information about sustainable development. __________

2 By the time we came back next summer, I hope that the sky-train system will have been in operation. __________

3 By this time next year, the public transport system in this city will have been

upgrading to serve a greater number of residents. __________

4 In 2024, city-dwellers will have been encouraged to use solar panels to

save energy. __________

5 Thanks to increasing health awareness and environmental concerns, the organic food market will have been grown significantly by 2030. __________

3. Rewrite the following sentences based on the given words.

(Viết lại các câu sau dựa vào từ cho sẵn.)

1 By the time / you / come back / our city/ transform / a green zone / sustainable development / .

2 The city authorities / improve / eco-tourism / before 2030/.

3 By the end / 2030 / air purifier market / hit / around / USD 22.84 billion/.

4 Problem / water pollution / this area / not / solve / by the end / this year /.

5 By 2025 / extinction / endangered species / prevent/.

4. Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the following verbs to complete an extract about Sustainable Development goals.

(Điền vào chỗ trống dạng đúng của các động từ sau để hoàn thành đoạn trích về mục tiêu Phát triển bền vững.)

Sustainable Development GOALS (To 2030) Transportation

By 2030, all people, especially the underprivileged ¹ ________ (gain) access to sustainable transport systems. In particular, public transport ² ________ (expand) to reduce traffic jams. Moreover, the city authorities ³ ________ (build) a thorough plan to promote the production of electric vehicles to tackle air pollution.

Clean energy

By 2030, the government ⁴ ________ (ensure) global access to sustainable, economical and cutting-edged energy services. All people ⁵ ________ (encourage) to use renewable energy sources, like solar energy.

Aquatic life

By 2025, various kinds of marine pollution ⁶ ________ (prevent). To this end, the government ⁷ ________ (promote) scientific knowledge as well as marine technology with a view to improving ocean health and its biodiversity.

5. Suppose that you are a plan-maker of your own city. Are there any other goals that you want to add to this previous extract? You can write your plans based on other criteria, for example:

• human health

• house and accommodation

• public spaces

• recycling program

(Giả sử bạn là người lập kế hoạch cho thành phố của chính mình. Có mục tiêu nào khác mà bạn muốn thêm vào phần đoạn trích trước đó không? Bạn có thể viết kế hoạch của mình dựa trên các tiêu chí khác, ví dụ:

• sức khỏe con người

• nhà và chỗ ở

• không gian công cộng

• chương trình tái chế)

1. Write both, either, neither or none.

(Viết both, either, neither or none)

1 Urbanization is a product of __________ community and state activities.

2 People move to modern cities to __________ live comfortably or make more money.

3 Older buildings were in this city, but __________ can be seen now.

4 Careless urban planning can cause issues to __________  people and animals.

5 __________ urban planning nor building standards alone can support the development of energy-efficient cities.

2. Rewrite the sentences using the words in brackets.

(Viết lại câu sử dụng từ trong ngoặc.)

1 Traffic jams are caused by population increase and poorly designed traffic systems. [both]

____________________________________________________

2 They use bamboo to build some parts of the house. Some people use recycled steel, too. [either]

____________________________________________________

3 Undeveloped and developed cities haven't found ways to reduce food waste [neither]

____________________________________________________

4 To go to the city center, you can take the bus near your place or this bus. [either of]

____________________________________________________

5 Six companies produce a great amount of wastewater but they don't have treatment systems. [none of]

____________________________________________________

3. Find and correct the mistakes in the following sentences

(Tìm và sửa lỗi sai trong các câu sau)

1 Either building will have electricity, as there is a power shortage in the city. ____________

2 Many cities seem incapable of solving transport problems, they either do nothing nor give solution too late. ____________

3 Human health and sustainable development are important issues so city planners have to consider both them when making changes. ____________

4. What can you do to make positive changes to the city you live in? Write five sentences about yourself.

(Bạn có thể làm gì để tạo ra những thay đổi tích cực cho thành phố bạn đang sống? Viết năm câu về bản thân bạn.)

1 I will either ______________________________

2 Either I will ______________________________

3 Both I and ______________________________

4 I can both ______________________________

5 I can neither  ______________________________

1. Choose the right word to complete the sentences.

(Chọn từ thích hợp để hoàn thành câu.)

1 I am (fear / fearful) that if people keep wasting energy, there may not be enough energy to power our city in the next 50 years.

2 Authorities in remote areas are (worrying / worried) that residents will not have enough freshwater in the winter months.

3 We are concerned (about / that) we cannot afford such a high cost of living in London.

4 The environmentalists find it (concerning / concerned) that our surrounding areas in cities will be polluted by the rapid industrialization.

5 The Indian government is extremely concerned (about / that) unprecedented population growth in Mumbai.

2. Write sentences from the words given. You may need to change the forms of some words.

(Viết câu từ những từ cho sẵn. Bạn có thể cần phải thay đổi hình thức của một số từ.)

1 I / worried / urbanization / will lead / overcrowding / housing problems.

2 We / concerned / there will / less available / farmland / due / rapid expansion / factories.

3 Residents / fearful / nuclear power / produce radioactive waste / which / negatively affect / people's health.

4 They / find / concerning / there / won't / enough food / energy / freshwater/ further urban growth.

5 Chinese government / worried / that / residents / populated areas / not / enough accommodations / health care systems.

3. Read the letter expressing concerns about the challenges Mumbai and Shanghai will face in 2050.

(Đọc bức thư bày tỏ mối quan ngại về những thách thức mà Mumbai và Thượng Hải sẽ phải đối mặt vào năm 2050.)

1 How many challenges are mentioned?

2 What challenges mentioned in the letter are such big cities in Việt Nam as Hà Nội and Hồ Chí Minh city facing?

Dear Gardy,

I've just done some research for my final project about future cities, and I feel concerned about the futures of some megacities in the world like Mumbai and Shanghai. Every day, approximately 7,000 metric tonnes of rubbish are disposed of by Mumbaians. Mumbai's waste is accumulating each day, then rubbish dumps are already filling up. I'm fearful that the environment will be seriously polluted if there is no mandatory recycling waste system.

Moreover, about 60% of Mumbai's population live in slums without running water, electricity and gas. I find it concerning that people's health will be in great danger because the living standards in slums are very low and rubbish pollutes the surrounding areas.

Regarding one of the busiest cities in China, Shanghai, its population reaches up to 25 million people. Therefore, traffic congestion is becoming an alarming problem, especially in rush hours. I find it concerning that commuters will get much inconvenience if there are no solutions to upgrade and extend the transport systems. Furthermore, Shanghai's air quality is getting worse due to rising carbon emissions from vehicles. I'm surprised that Shanghai authorities will shut schools when there are forecasts of serious air pollution.

I'm worried that all the challenges will directly exert negative impacts on the environment and residents' health. I expect the government to take urgent actions to solve those issues.

Best wishes,

Hoa

4. Write a letter to your friend (150-180 words) expressing your concerns about challenges that your city / town or a city you know will face in the future.

(Viết một lá thư cho bạn của bạn (150-180 từ) bày tỏ mối quan tâm của bạn về những thách thức mà thành phố / thị trấn hoặc thành phố mà bạn biết sẽ phải đối mặt trong tương lai.)

1. What kind of hooks is used in each introduction?

(Những loại câu dẫn nào được sử dụng trong mỗi phần giới thiệu?)

1 Research from the US shows that commuters waste 54 hours a year being stuck in traffic - that makes up for a whole two and a half days! But this is no longer the case. Because future cities will be...

2 Before I start my presentation, I would like to ask you a question. How many of you want more green space in our school? Yes, I want it, too. It's also a feature of my ideal city in 2050. In today's presentation, I'll be discussing ...

3 Good morning. Let me start by asking you to imagine this. Now we are living in the year 2050. You are not going to school on your bare foot or taking a taxi as usual. But you are taken to school by drone buses...

a Ask questions

b Use a catchy story or scenario

c Give surprising facts

2. Read the presentation a student has made. What hook did the student use?

(Đọc phần trình bày của học sinh. Học sinh đó đã sử dụng câu dẫn gì?)

Traffic. Who likes it, right? It always ranks as one of the biggest problems in big cities. What if I tell you that in the future, cities will no longer have this problem?

In 2050, people will travel by new types of transport such as electric vehicles, self-driving cars, and drone buses. Charging stations will be installed to charge electric vehicles. There will be mobile apps for ridesharing and one-click travel book-and-pay. So the future cities will give us a better transport experience. Besides, all cities will be "green cities". People will grow plants on their terraces or roofs. Houses will be built with "green walls", making urban areas a more pleasurable space to live in. Green walls can purify the air, which greatly improves air quality. In the city center, there will be green spaces with tall trees and vertical farms with all sorts of local biodiversity.

The cities will be also equipped with automatic sensors to collect data on pollution levels or traffic conditions. Government officials can keep track of the city's conditions.

To sum up, this is the future city that I want to live in. It will be cleaner and greener, and our life experience will be leveraged.

3. Read the presentation again. Check if you understand the highlighted phrases. Then match the pictures with the words given.

(Đọc lại phần thuyết trình. Kiểm tra xem bạn có hiểu các cụm từ được đánh dấu hay không. Sau đó nối các hình ảnh với các từ cho sẵn.)

1 Self-driving car

2 Charging stations

3 Ridesharing

4 Green walls

5 Automatic sensors

4. Plan an outline for your presentation about "My Ideal City in 2050". Answer the questions below.

(Lên dàn ý cho bài thuyết trình của bạn về "Thành phố lý tưởng của tôi vào năm 2050". Trả lời các câu hỏi dưới đây.)

1 What type of hook will you use?

2 How will people travel in your ideal city?

3 Will there be green spaces in your ideal city?

4 What technology will be used in your ideal city?

5 Will it be a comfortable experience to live in your ideal city?

5. Make a presentation of your ideal city using your answers in Exercise 4.

(Hãy trình bày về thành phố lý tưởng của bạn bằng cách sử dụng các câu trả lời ở Bài tập 4.)

1. Complete the sentences by filling in the blanks with the missing words. The first letters are given.

(Hoàn thành câu bằng cách điền từ còn thiếu vào chỗ trống. Những chữ cái đầu tiên được cho sẵn.)

1 This city is famous for its v________ skyscrapers due to limited space for growth.

2 Thanks to advanced technology, we can get around the country by h____ - s_____ transportation.

3 It is predicted that more and more people will use s_____ energy instead of nonrenewable ones in the years to come.

4 People will take advantage of a_____ technology to control their homes, which makes daily life much easier.

5 Many people love the idea of u____ f_____ as they are curious about the products they grow on their own.

2. Choose the correct option to complete the sentences in the dialogue.

(Chọn phương án đúng để hoàn thành các câu trong đoạn hội thoại.)

Danny: It's likely that in 50 years from now we (¹ will be using up / will use up) most of the energy sources on Earth.

Mai: Does that mean we won't be able to live on Earth anymore?

Mike: Maybe. It will also mean we (² rely / will be relying) on other habitable planets to survive.

Mai: Yes, I see. But do they really exist?

Mike: Do you mean the habitable planet? I'm not sure, but many scientists are working on it. They've even discovered some signs of life on Venus.

Mai: Unbelievable. Do you mean that we (³ will be living / will have lived) on Venus in 2050?

Mike: No, it is still controversial. But many scientists believe that by 2050, humanity's presence in space (⁴ will grow / will have grown) significantly.

Mai: So does it mean that space travel (⁵ will have become / will have became) popular by the time we set foot on other planets?

Mike: Oh not really...

3. Choose the best option to complete the sentences.

(Chọn phương án đúng nhất để hoàn thành câu.)

1 Both / Both of cities are trying to apply urban farming.

2 Either / None of the citizens want to import food from exotic areas.

3 Neither / Neither of urban farms use chemical substances.

4 Both / Either the light system and room temperature are controlled by a smartphone.

5 Either / Either of vertical garden will go into operation soon.

4. Listen to a talk given by a lecturer about a special means of transport that will become common in the near future. Tick (✔) the main ideas discussed in the talk.

(Nghe bài phát biểu của giảng viên về một phương tiện giao thông đặc biệt sẽ trở nên phổ biến trong tương lai gần. Đánh dấu (✔) những ý chính được thảo luận trong bài nói.)

1 Examples of some modern modes of transportation ☐

2 The benefits of driverless cars ¨☐

3 The cost involved when owning this vehicle ☐

4 Some demerits of self-driving transport ☐

5 Scientists' beliefs about the future of this mode of transport ☐

5. Listen to the talk again, then add an opening of the presentation, using one of the three hooks taught.

(Nghe lại bài nói, sau đó thêm phần mở đầu bài thuyết trình bằng cách sử dụng một trong ba câu dẫn đã được dạy.)