Giải SGK, SBT Unit 3. Global warming English Discovery

1. Look at the photos. Tick (✔) the activities that are good for the environment and cross (X) the activities that are not good for the environment. Which of these activities can cause global warming?

(Nhìn vào những bức ảnh. Đánh dấu (✔) vào những hoạt động tốt cho môi trường và gạch chéo (X) những hoạt động không tốt cho môi trường. Hoạt động nào sau đây có thể gây ra sự nóng lên toàn cầu?)

a. A gas that traps heat above the Earth _______

b. The cutting down of trees in a forest   _______

c. A mixture of gases that surround a planet    _______

d. A gas produced by animals and burning fuels   _______

e. A permanent change in the Earth's weather conditions   _______

f. Gases that are sent out   _______

g. Fuels made from decaying animals and plants  _______

3. Fill in the blanks with the words from VOCABULARY FOCUS in Exercise 2.

(Điền vào chỗ trống với các từ NGÔN NGỮ TRỌNG TÂM trong Bài tập 2.)

1. _______ is a cause of climate change.

2. We must reduce our use of _______ to help the environment.

3. _______ is a gas found in our atmosphere.

4. The _______ above the Earth traps heat from the sun.

5. The _______of greenhouse gases come from factories.

4. Choose the correct option to complete the sentences.

(Chọn phương án đúng để hoàn thành các câu.)

GLOBAL WARMING QUIZ

1. The greenhouse effect occurs when gases in our atmosphere trap heat and block it from escaping _______.

a. the Earth

b. the solar system

c. the glasses

2. Most scientists think climate change is _______.

a. not serious

b. real

c. not real

3. Examples of greenhouse gases include water vapor, methane and _______.

a. oxygen

b. hydrogen

c. carbon dioxide

4. We can reduce greenhouse gas emissions by wasting less _______.

a. atmosphere

b. food

c. rubbish

5. Climate change causes heatwaves, rising surface temperatures and _______.

a. sea levels

b. ozone layer depletion

c. floods

6. Production of electricity and heat emits greenhouse _______.

a. vapour

b. gases

c. emissions

7. Deforestation and the use of fossil fuels cause _______.

a. rising sea level

b. water shortage

c. climate change

8. China and the US emit the most _______ in the world.

a. carbon dioxide

b. water

c. fossil fuels

5. In pairs, look at the pictures in Exercise 1. Ask and answer the following questions:

(Theo cặp, nhìn vào các bức tranh trong Bài tập 1. Hỏi và trả lời các câu hỏi sau)

1. Which problems do you find in your area?

(Những vấn đề bạn tìm thấy trong khu vực của bạn?)

2. What causes each problem to occur?

(Điều gì khiến các vấn đề này xảy ra?)

Use the words you've learnt in this lesson in your discussion.

(Sử dụng những từ bạn đã học được trong bài học này trong cuộc thảo luận của bạn.)

1. Look at the photo. Discuss with a partner what is happening. Read the text below about climate change.

(Nhìn vào bức hình. Thảo luận với bạn cặp những gì đang xảy ra. Đọc văn bản dưới đây về biến đổi khí hậu.)

• I was surprised to learn that the annual rainfall increased in the south of Việt Nam but decreased in the north.
• I'm afraid to say that the annual rainfall increased to 20% over the last 50 years in the south-central region.
• We made a plan to do something because sea levels along the coasts are rising 2.8mm per year.
• I was shocked to find that Việt Nam may lose 5% of its land to rising sea levels which will affect 11% of our population.                                                                                                            By Kiên

Overall, what was Kiên's reaction to the lecture?

(Nhìn chung, phản ứng của Kiên đối với bài giảng là gì?)

a. It surprised him.

(Nó làm anh ấy ngạc nhiên.)

b. It made him happy.

(Nó làm anh hạnh phúc.)

c. It did not interest him.

(Nó không quan tâm đến anh ta.)

2. Read the GRAMMAR FOCUS and complete the sentences below with one adjective or noun from the box.

(Đọc NGỮ PHÁP TRỌNG TÂM và hoàn thành các câu bên dưới với một tính từ hoặc danh từ trong hộp.)

1. She made a _______ to stop using so much electricity.

2. I find it _______  to believe that we are not yet recycling glass and plastics.

3. We have the _______ to slow down global warming. We can do it.

4. I had a _______ to reuse these bags, so I did.

5. There is an urgent _______ to stop using fossil fuels.

3. Choose the best option to complete the sentences.

(Chọn phương án đúng nhất để hoàn thành các câu.)

1. Many of my classmates are _______ to help our community recycle goods.

a. happy (vui vẻ)                                                           

b. disappointed (thất vọng)

c. surprised (ngạc nhiên)

2. I'm _______ to announce the winners of our tree-planting competition.

a. afraid (e sợ)                                                        

b. pleased (vui lòng)

c. disappointed (thất vọng)

3. I have the _______  to help more people learn how to save energy to help our planet.

a. ability (khả năng)                       

b. choice (sự lựa chọn)                     

c. wish (mong ước)

4. We were _______ to hear that deforestation is still happening in some countries.

a. hard (khó khăn)                         

b. happy (vui vẻ)                      

c. sorry (hối tiếc)

4. Rewrite each sentence using the new sentence heading.

(Viết lại mỗi câu sử dụng mở đầu câu mới.)

I discovered that there are practical solutions to climate change. I was happy.

(Tôi phát hiện ra rằng có những giải pháp thiết thực cho biến đổi khí hậu. Tôi rất vui.)

=> I was happy to discover that there were practical solutions to climate change.

(Tôi rất vui khi phát hiện ra rằng có những giải pháp thiết thực cho biến đổi khí hậu.)

1. I learned that the polar ice caps are melting very quickly. I was surprised.

(Tôi được biết rằng băng ở hai cực đang tan chảy rất nhanh. Tôi rất ngạc nhiên.)

=> ____________________________________________________

2. Deforestation is becoming a more serious problem each year. I am afraid.

(Phá rừng đang trở thành một vấn đề nghiêm trọng hơn mỗi năm. Tôi e rằng.)

=> ____________________________________________________

3. They will reduce our carbon dioxide emissions. Our leaders are eager.

(Chúng sẽ giảm lượng khí thải carbon dioxide của chúng ta. Các nhà lãnh đạo của chúng tôi rất háo hức.)

=> ____________________________________________________

4. We will plant 1,000 trees in the forest this summer. We have a need.

(Chúng tôi sẽ trồng 1.000 cây trong rừng vào mùa hè này. Chúng tôi có một nhu cầu.)

=> ____________________________________________________

5. Work in pairs to complete the following sentences. Then share them with another pair.

(Làm việc theo cặp để hoàn thành các câu sau. Sau đó chia sẻ chúng với một cặp khác.)

1. I am glad to _________________.

2. I was pleased to ______________.

3. I was afraid to ________________.

4. I had a chance to ______________.

1. Look at the photos. What is happening in each photo? Then match the words given with each photo.

(Nhìn vào những bức ảnh. Điều gì đang xảy ra trong mỗi bức ảnh? Sau đó nối các từ đã cho với mỗi bức ảnh.)

a. forest fire (cháy rừng)                             

b. drought (hạn hán)

c. malaria (bệnh sốt rét)                                 

d. typhoon (bão nhiệt đới)

2. Listen to a news report about global warming in the Philippines. Tick (✔) the ideas that have been mentioned in the report.

(Nghe một bản tin về sự nóng lên toàn cầu ở Philippines. Đánh dấu (✔) vào các ý đã được đề cập trong báo cáo.)

1. Annual temperatures have risen.

(Nhiệt độ hàng năm đã tăng lên.)

2. There is less rainfall nowadays.

(Hiện nay lượng mưa ít hơn.)

3. Increased rain and typhoons are causing problems in the Philippines.

(Mưa và bão gia tăng đang gây ra nhiều vấn đề ở Philippines.)

4. Some diseases are spreading as a result to more rainfall.

(Một số dịch bệnh đang lan rộng do lượng mưa nhiều hơn.)

5. Sea levels are starting to decrease in the past few years.

(Mực nước biển bắt đầu giảm trong vài năm qua.)

6. Sea temperatures are also increasing.

(Nhiệt độ nước biển cũng đang tăng lên.)

3. Listen again and complete the diagram with the words from the report.

(Nghe lại và hoàn thành sơ đồ với các từ trong báo cáo.)

4. Listen again. Choose the correct answer for each sentence.

(Lắng nghe một lần nữa. Chọn câu trả lời đúng cho mỗi câu.)

1. What does global warming cause in the Philippines?

(Sự nóng lên toàn cầu gây ra điều gì ở Philippines?)

a. extreme weather events

(những sự kiện thời tiết cực đoan)

b. an increase in fish populations

(sự gia tăng quần thể cá)

2. What is the result of increases in temperatures and more severe weather events?

(Hậu quả của việc tăng nhiệt độ và các hiện tượng thời tiết khắc nghiệt hơn là gì?)

a. the destruction of coastal areas

(sự phá hủy các khu vực ven biển)

b. global warming

(sự nóng lên toàn cầu)

3. What leads to the decrease in fish populations?

(Điều gì dẫn đến sự suy giảm quần thể cá?)

a. an increase in sea temperatures

(sự gia tăng nhiệt độ nước biển)

b. an increase in the number of droughts

(sự gia tăng số lần hạn hán)

4. What has made the Philippines warmer?

(Điều gì đã làm cho Philippines ấm hơn?)

a. increasing population

(dân số ngày càng tăng)

b. rises in annual temperatures

(tăng nhiệt độ hàng năm)

5. What do mosquitoes spread?

(Muỗi truyền bệnh gì?)

a. forest fires

(cháy rừng)

b. dengue fever

(sốt xuất huyết)

5. In groups, choose one cause of global warming and discuss its effects. You can use the diagram in Exercise 3 to help you.

(Theo nhóm, chọn một nguyên nhân gây ra sự nóng lên toàn cầu và thảo luận về tác động của nó. Bạn có thể sử dụng sơ đồ trong Bài tập 3 để giúp bạn.)

1. Read the article about the solutions to global warming. Then tick (✔) the specific ideas mentioned in the article.

(Đọc bài viết về các giải pháp cho sự nóng lên toàn cầu. Sau đó đánh dấu (✔) vào các ý cụ thể được đề cập trong bài viết.)

Here are some ways to help reduce global warming. Which of these do you regularly do?

Don't use private cars. Your willingness to walk or cycle to nearby places can help reduce the emissions of carbon dioxide and also reduce your own carbon footprint.

Use public transport. If travelling long distances, then use public transport rather than your car. However, if you carpool (travel together with a group of people in one car), then you are choosing to help the environment. If we travel with others, we will use less petrol.

Make a decision to reduce, recycle, and reuse. Reduce waste by buying reusable products. Don't forget to recycle plastics, glass, and paper products. You may wish to reuse some of your old items to help out, too. Take unneeded items to a recycling centre.

Plant trees. Plants and trees are nature's lungs. They produce the oxygen we breathe. They also can shade your home, thus making it cooler so you don't need to run your air conditioners as much.

Change air conditioner filters regularly. This simple step will save about 160 kilos of carbon dioxide and may save you up to $150 a year. Making a choice to go green will save you money and help the environment.

Buy local goods. When you buy goods imported from far-away places, it takes a lot of energy to transport them to your area. This means that if you don't buy local food and products, then more emissions of carbon dioxide will happen during the transportation process.

1. Buy a bicycle

2. Buy things made in your area

3. Carpool with your friends

4. Change your air conditioner filter

5. Use hot water

6. Help the environment by riding a bike or using public transport

7. Recycle and reuse your old items

8. Shade your home with plants

2. Read the article again and mark the sentences ✓ (true), x (false), or ? (not given).

(Đọc bài viết một lần nữa và đánh dấu các câu (đúng), x (sai), hoặc? (không có thông tin).)

1. There are many ways to reduce your carbon footprint.

2. Buying electric cars and carpooling will help prevent global warming.

3. Plants use their lungs to make oxygen.

4. Changing your air conditioner filters helps reduce emission of carbon dioxide.

5. Reducing bicycles will help us stop climate change.

6. The transport process emits the largest amount of carbon dioxide.

3. Choose the correct words in the brackets to complete the sentences.

(Chọn từ đúng trong ngoặc để hoàn thành câu.)

1. The amount of carbon dioxide we produce by our actions is our emissions / carbon footprint.

2. I would like to recycle / carpool to work with my neighbours every morning.

3. Make a decision to buy imported goods/ go green to help save our planet.

4. Carbon dioxide/Oxygen is being released into our atmosphere by our cars.

5. Air conditioner filters / Reusable products are now becoming more popular among people wanting to go green.

4. In groups, study the list of activities below. Rank them from the most important to the least important activities that you and your friends can do to reduce global warming. Report your answers to the class.

(Theo nhóm, nghiên cứu danh sách các hoạt động dưới đây. Xếp chúng theo thứ tự từ những hoạt động quan trọng nhất đến ít quan trọng nhất mà bạn và bạn bè của bạn có thể làm để giảm sự nóng lên toàn cầu. Báo cáo câu trả lời của bạn cho cả lớp.)

- Use fluorescent light bulbs (Sử dụng bóng đèn huỳnh quang)

- Drive less (Lái ô tô ít hơn)

- Recycle more (Tái chế nhiều hơn)

- Check your tyres (Kiểm tra lốp xe của bạn)

- Use less hot water (Sử dụng ít nước nóng hơn)

- Avoid products with a lot of packaging (Tránh các sản phẩm có nhiều bao bì)

- Reduce usage of air conditioning (Giảm sử dụng điều hòa)

- Plant trees (Trồng cây)

I think using fluorescent light bulbs is the most important. Replacing one regular light bulb with a compact fluorescent light bulb will save 68 kgs of carbon dioxide a year.

(Tôi nghĩ dùng bóng đèn huỳnh quang là quan trọng nhất. Thay thế một bóng đèn thông thường bằng bóng đèn huỳnh quang compact sẽ tiết kiệm được 68 kg carbon dioxide mỗi năm.)

1. Listen and read the dialogue. Answer the questions.

(Nghe và đọc đoạn hội thoại. Trả lời các câu hỏi.)

Hồng: I love watching those penguins.

Josh: They may not be around much longer because the polar ice caps are melting.

Hồng: Yes, I've read about that. It sounds terrible.

Josh: It is! Consider the Arctic. In some parts, 95% of the ice has already melted.

Hồng: It does sound serious.

Josh: All that melting ice will cause the sea levels here in Việt Nam to rise, too.

Hồng:Oh, I see. And the rising sea levels will flood our coastal communities.

Josh: Exactly.

1. According to the dialogue, which animals are affected by melting ice?

(Theo đoạn hội thoại, loài động vật nào bị ảnh hưởng bởi băng tan?)

2. Where do you see a large amount of melting ice?

(Bạn thấy một lượng lớn băng tan ở đâu?)

3. Are the sea levels in Việt Nam affected by the melting ice?

(Mực nước biển ở Việt Nam có bị ảnh hưởng bởi băng tan không?)

2. Read GRAMMAR FOCUS and find examples of verbs of perceptions in the dialogue in Exercise 1.

(Đọc GRAMMAR FOCUS và tìm các ví dụ về động từ chỉ giác quan trong đoạn hội thoại ở Excercise 1.)

3. Choose the best option to complete each sentence.

(Chọn phương án đúng nhất để hoàn thành mỗi câu.)

1. The documentary about the effects of global warming (looks/feels) (interesting/ fun).

2. I (taste/feel) (concerned / joyful) that our community is recycling more.

3. The effects of the earthquake and tsunami (smell/ appear) (worrying/good).

4. It (seems/looks) (alarming/good) that sea levels are rising.

5. The damage caused by the heavy rainfall (looks/becomes) (serious / great).

4. Complete the sentences with your own ideas.

(Hoàn thành các câu với ý tưởng của riêng bạn.)

1. It sounds serious that climate change...

2. I feel concerned that typhoons and droughts are...

3. It looks worrying that temperatures are...

4. It seems scarry that our country might....

5. It's becoming more frightening that sea levels are...

5. In groups, predict what will happen in the next 20 years as a result of global warming.

(Theo nhóm, dự đoán điều gì sẽ xảy ra trong 20 năm tới do sự nóng lên toàn cầu.)

• Make a poster and draw the changes that may affect the Earth.

(Vẽ áp phích và vẽ những thay đổi có thể ảnh hưởng đến Trái Đất.)

• Write your predictions.

(Viết dự đoán của bạn.)

• Share your poster with the class.

(Chia sẻ áp phích của bạn với cả lớp.)

Global warming: What happens next?

(Sự nóng lên toàn cầu: Điều gì xảy ra tiếp theo?)

We feel that...

(Chúng tôi cảm thấy rằng...)

We hear that...

(Chúng tôi nghe nói rằng...)

It appears that...

(Có vẻ như ...)

1. Mike is asking his father about using renewable energy to reduce global warming. Listen and mark the sentences T (true) or F (false).

(Mike đang hỏi bố mình về việc sử dụng năng lượng tái tạo để giảm sự nóng lên. Nghe và đánh dấu câu T (đúng) hoặc F (sai).)

1. Mike has to write a report about renewable energy.

(Mike phải viết báo cáo về năng lượng tái tạo.)

2. Mike's father says that solar energy produces greenhouse gases.

(Bố của Mike nói rằng năng lượng mặt trời tạo ra khí nhà kính.)

3. Hydroelectronic power is not renewable energy.

(Thủy điện không phải là năng lượng tái tạo.)

4. Wind power does not generate greenhouse gases.

(Năng lượng gió không phát sinh khí nhà kính.)

2. Read LANGUAGE FOCUS. Complete the examples with should, ought to, must or have to.

(Đọc TRỌNG TÂM NGÔN NGỮ. Hoàn thành các ví dụ với should, should, must hoặc have to.)

3. Choose the best option to complete the sentences.

(Chọn phương án tốt nhất để hoàn thành các câu.)

1. To help our community, we ought to / have to plant more trees.

2. Our company says we have to / must use carpools to travel to work.

3. I have to /must turn off the air conditioner because I'm feeling cold.

4. I think we must / should build a wind power plant here, not a hydroelectric plant.

5. We ought to /have to do more to prevent climate change or living on Earth will be difficult in 100 years from now.

4. Complete the paragraph below with should/ought to, must or have to.

(Hoàn thành đoạn văn dưới đây với should/ought to, must hoặc have to.)

Mother: We ¹_______ not use so much energy from fossil fuels at home.

Father: I agree. But we ²_______ put up solar panels to use solar energy.

Mother: I know. And I also know they're expensive. But it will start to save us money after using them for about two years.

Son: Could we put a wind turbine in our backyard?

Mother: No they're too big and we don't have much wind.

Mother: I agree we ³_______ do more to use renewable energy. After all, most of our neighbors are using solar panels.

Son: Well, first we ⁴_______ find the best place to put them on our roof. We want to make sure they will be facing the sun.

Mother: That's right. And we ⁵_______ do it as soon as possible so we can start saving money.

5. In what ways can families and schools save energy? Discuss in groups.

(Gia đình và trường học có thể tiết kiệm năng lượng bằng những cách nào? Thảo luận theo nhóm.)

Families should...

Schools ought to...

1. Read the task and answer the questions.

(Đọc đề bài và trả lời câu hỏi.)

1. What type of essay is it?

(Đây là loại bài luận gì?)

2. What is the purpose of the essay?

(Mục đích của bài luận này là gì?)

3. Who are the readers of the essay?

(Người đọc bài là ai?)

4. What is the topic of the essay?

(Chủ đề của bài luận là gì?)

2. In pairs, tick (✔) what you will do to plan for the essay required in Exercise 1.

(Làm theo cặp, đánh dấu (✔) bạn sẽ làm gì để lập dàn ý cho bài luận được yêu cầu ở Bài tập 1.)

1. Ask the readers some questions.

2. Include introduction and conclusion sentences.

3. Organize the information into causes and solutions.

4. Talk about your experiences.

5. Use expressions for talking about global warming.

6. Use formal English.

3. Order the steps of the outline below. Write 1-4. Then match each step with an explanation (A-D).

(Sắp xếp thứ tự các bước của phác thảo dưới đây. Viết 1-4. Sau đó nối mỗi bước với một lời giải thích (A-D).)

___ Conclusion

___ Solutions to global warming

___ Introduction

___ Causes of global warming

A. to explain why we have global warming

B. to announce the topic of the essay

C. to summarize what you have written

D. to explain some ways to reduce global warming

4. Put the following ideas into the correct columns. Then talk to your partner using the expressions in the table.

(Đặt các ý tưởng sau vào cột đúng. Sau đó nói với bạn em sử dụng các cụm từ trong bảng.)

1. Burning fossil fuels

2. Buying local goods

3. Deforestation

4. Emitting methane and carbon dioxide

5. Recycling and reusing

6. Switching to solar power and hydropower

7. Using public transport and carpools

5. Which is a better introduction? Why?

(Phần mở bài nào tốt hơn? Vì sao?)

1. Today, one of the most worrying issues that people are facing is global warming. A number of man- made causes contribute to this world problem, but various actions can be taken to minimise its effects.

(Ngày nay, một trong những vấn đề đáng lo ngại nhất mà con người đang phải đối mặt là sự nóng lên toàn cầu. Một số nguyên nhân do con người góp phần gây ra vấn đề thế giới này, nhưng có thể thực hiện nhiều hành động khác nhau để giảm thiểu tác động của nó.)

2. Global warming is being caused by increases of greenhouse gasses. This is causing our country many problems, such as rising sea levels and droughts. Floods are another result of global warming. There are some solutions to help us reduce global warming.

(Sự nóng lên toàn cầu là do gia tăng khí nhà kính. Điều này đang gây ra cho đất nước chúng ta nhiều vấn đề, chẳng hạn như mực nước biển dâng cao và hạn hán. Lũ lụt là một hậu quả khác của sự nóng lên toàn cầu. Có một số giải pháp giúp chúng ta giảm sự nóng lên toàn cầu.)

6. Write the full essay (150-180 words) to complete the task in Exercise 1.

(Viết đầy đủ bài văn (150-180 từ) hoàn thành nhiệm vụ ở Bài tập 1.)

gas emissions

2. Listen and read the dialogue between Lan and Mike about the causes, effects and solutions to climate change. Complete the gaps (1-2) in the dialogue.

(Nghe và đọc đoạn đối thoại giữa Lan và Mike về nguyên nhân, ảnh hưởng và giải pháp đối với biến đổi khí hậu. Hoàn thành các khoảng trống (1-2) trong cuộc đối thoại.)

Mike: How long is this rain going to last?

Lan: I hope it will end soon. I'm getting concerned about my father's farm.

Mike: Oh, why is that?

Lan: t rained a lot last year and nearly destroyed all of his crops.

Mike: Oh, I'm sorry to hear that. Nowadays, you hear more and more stories of how extreme weather is harming people's lives.

Lan: Yes. The sea levels near my village are rising and this means salt water is flooding the local rice fields. We won't be able to grow rice in the future.

Mike: That's depressing, but there are some steps we can take to prevent further damage. 1

Lan: ¹____________________________________________________?

Mike: Well currently most of Việt Nam gets its energy from burning coal and fossil fuels. We should look for other ways to generate electricity, such as solar or wind energy.

Lan: Will that really help?

Mike: Yes, but it will take some time.

Lan:²____________________________________________________?

Mike: We could also …

3. Listen to the conversation again. Tick (✔) the following statements as true (T) or false (F).

(Nghe đoạn hội thoại một lần nữa. Đánh dấu (✔) vào các câu sau đây là đúng (T) hoặc sai (F).)

4. Read the SPEAKING FOCUS. Which expressions are used to...?

(Đọc TRỌNG TÂM NÓI. Những mệnh đề nào được sử dụng để ...?)

1. request someone's opinion (xin ý kiến của ai đó)

2. directly ask someone for a suggestion (trực tiếp yêu cầu ai đó cho một đề nghị)

3. ask for another solution (yêu cầu một giải pháp khác)

4. get someone to offer solutions (nhờ ai đó đưa ra giải pháp)

5. In groups, discuss what your class can do to reduce the effects of global warming. Use the table in Exercise 1 and expressions in the SPEAKING FOCUS in your discussion.

(Theo nhóm, hãy thảo luận về những gì lớp học của bạn có thể làm để giảm tác động của sự nóng lên toàn cầu. Sử dụng bảng trong Bài tập 1 và các cách diễn đạt trong NÓI TRỌNG TÂM trong cuộc thảo luận của bạn.)

VOCABULARY AND GRAMMAR

1. Find Word Friends from the the box to fill the blanks.

(Tìm cặp từ trong hộp để điền vào chỗ trống.)

1. Two Word Friends that describe types of energy. _________

2. Two Word Friends that are effects of global warming. _________

3. Two Word Friends that cause greenhouse gases. _________

4. Three Word Friends that are increasing because of global warming. _________

5. A Word Friend that is rising due to increased annual rainfall. _________

6. A Word Friend that describes an area affected by rising sea levels. _________

2. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with words/phrases from the box.

(Đọc đoạn văn và điền vào chỗ trống với các từ/cụm từ trong khung.)

Some experts say the biggest challenge we face today in climate change is due to ¹_________. Scientists and the general public are growing more ²_________ damage caused by increases in ³_________ around the world. These include the melting of ⁴_________ being flooded by rising ⁵_________.

Coastal communities are . Furthermore, we are experiencing more cases of ⁶_________ as the amount of ⁷_________has increased. The burning of ⁸_________and ⁹_________of rainforests are much to blame for our planet's higher temperatures.

3. Read the sentences and fill in the blank with one word in the box below.

(Đọc các câu và điền vào chỗ trống với một từ trong hộp bên dưới.)

1. My friend has recently visited New Delhi and said that the air there _________ bad.

2. I heard the news report and it _________ that our carbon footprint is too big.

3. It _________ that we are not doing enough to prevent the emission of carbon dioxide.

4. Durian _________good but smells bad to some people.

5. It _________ that the summers are getting hotter every year.

LISTENING

4. Listen and complete the sentences with THREE or FOUR WORDS from the recording.

(Nghe và hoàn thành các câu với BA hoặc BỐN TỪ từ đoạn ghi âm.)

1. Small islands of _________ are being most affected by global warming.

2. _________  have been affected by rising sea levels in Tuvalu.

3. Maldives' _________ also experience a destructive reduction rate.

4. In Palau, lives of _________ are also being influenced.

WRITING

5. What causes climate change? Choose 2-3 causes below. Describe these causes in an essay of 150-180 words. Use some of the expressions to show causes.

(Điều gì gây ra biến đổi khí hậu? Chọn 2-3 nguyên nhân dưới đây. Mô tả những nguyên nhân này trong một bài luận 150-180 từ. Sử dụng một số cách diễn đạt để chỉ nguyên nhân.)

• Deforestation (Sự tàn phá rừng)

• Burning of fossil fuels (Đốt nhiên liệu hóa thạch)

• Burning of coal (Đốt than đá)

• Using too much electricity (Sử dụng quá nhiều điện)

• Driving fuel-burning cars (Lái ô tô vận hành bằng việc đốt cháy nhiên liệu)

• Using too many of the Earth's natural resources (Sử dụng quá nhiều tài nguyên thiên nhiên của Trái Đất)

1. Match the picture with the word.

(Nối hình ảnh với từ.)

a emissions

b fossil fuels

c deforestation

d climate change

e greenhouse effect

2. Circle the correct answer.

(Khoanh tròn vào câu trả lời đúng.)

1 Scientists believe that humans are the primary cause of _________.

A climate change

B sea levels

C fossil fuels

2 The greenhouse _________ is a process that occurs when gases trap heat in the atmosphere and warm the planet.

A gas

B effect

C change

3 _________ still supply about 80 percent of the world's total energy.

A Carbon dioxide

B Fossil fuels

C Greenhouse gases

4 Climate change has resulted in melting glaciers and rising _________.

A emissions

B sea levels

C deforestation

5 Transportation is one of the main sources of greenhouse gas _________ in the US.

A atmosphere

B emissions

C effects

3. Find the words (1-5) that correspond to the explanations given.

(Tìm những từ (1-5) tương ứng với những lời giải thích đã cho.)

1 Examples of these include coal, oil, and gas.

2 Long-term change in the Earth's temperatures and weather conditions.

3 The cutting down of trees in a forest.

4 A mixture of gases that surround a planet.

5 The gas is formed when people or animals breathe out.

4. Choose ONE word / phrase in the box to complete the sentences.

(Chọn MỘT từ / cụm từ trong khung để hoàn thành câu.)

1 ________ can seriously affect wildlife,  ecosystems and the weather.

2 It is estimated that ________ will run out by the year 2060.

3 ________ include water vapor, methane and carbon dioxide.

4 The effects of ________ include drought, heat waves and rising sea levels.

5 The government will set tougher ________ standards for cars.

5. Use the words / phrases in Exercise 4 to complete the passage.

(Sử dụng các từ / cụm từ trong Bài tập 4 để hoàn thành đoạn văn.)

Human activities have been heating the planet. Back then in the Industrial Revolution, people started burning ¹ ________ to power factories. Because people want to build more factories, people cut down more forests to have more space for construction. ² ________ causes the lack of trees to absorb greenhouse gases. In modern life, many people are using personal motorbikes and cars. Vehicle ³ ________ also add more ⁴ ________ to the atmosphere. Therefore, it can be said that humans are the main cause of ⁵ ________.

1. Choose the best option to complete the sentences.

(Chọn phương án đúng nhất để hoàn thành câu.)

1 Although people in the south-central region are ______ to cope with annual floods, they still suffer extensive damage.

A prepared

B happy

C worried

D nervous

2 Consuming less or recycling wood products are practical ______ to deforestation.

A plans

B methods

C worried

D decisions

3 Vietnamese people are no longer ______to hear the erratic changes in weather conditions per day.

A thankful

B surprised

C sorry

D hard

4 Some governments around the world should have ______to halt the use of fossil fuels to safeguard the environment.

A initiatives

B wish

C advice

D decision

5 Polar animals have small ______ to escape from the state of being homeless since the polar ice caps are melting very quickly which lead to the rising sea level.

A needs

B preparation

C wish

D chances

2. Complete the text. Use adjectives or nouns below.

(Hoàn thành văn bản. Sử dụng tính từ hoặc danh từ dưới đây.)

Global warming is a heated debate because of its serious threat to lives on Earth. It is first ¹ ______ to learn that greenhouse gasses are the major cause of this phenomenon. As a ² ______ to escape into space, heat is trapped by carbon dioxide, water vapor, and methane. This impact is known as the greenhouse effect. So, where do these pollutants come from? It is ³ ______ to discover that most of them result from human activities, especially the excessive burning of fossil fuels. This burning process refers to the ⁴ ______ of coal, gas, and oil to generate electricity, for instance. Although there is a ⁵ ______ to produce electricity for everyday lives, there should be ⁶ ______ to power our world without fossil fuels. Renewable energy such as solar, wind, and water energy act as an optimal ⁷ ______ to discontinue this. Even if it is a matter of time, it is not ⁸ ______ to gradually shift from fossil fuels to clean energy. Take Iceland as a telling example. This country is ⁹ ______ to harness nearly 100% green energy to supply the whole country's activities. More interestingly, Iceland is ¹⁰ ______ to cooperate with other countries in moving towards a sustainable future.

3. Rewrite each sentence using the new sentence heading.

(Viết lại mỗi câu sử dụng tiêu đề câu mới.)

1 I discovered that the ozone layer depletion has narrowed over the past two decades.

I was happy _________________________________________

2 I learnt that the primary source of energy that we use daily comes from fossil fuels.

I was surprised _________________________________________

3 Schools are going to provide students with environmental education to promote an eco-friendly lifestyle.

There is a plan _________________________________________

4 They could raise the ground level of buildings to reduce flood damage.

The governmental committee offers a suggestion _________________________________________

5 They honored Hue as the first city in Việt Nam to be the National Green City.

The World Wildlife Fund was delighted _________________________________________

4. Complete the following sentences.

(Hoàn thành các câu sau đây.)

1 I am relieved to ________________________

2 It was impossible to ________________________

3 There is no need to ________________________

4 ________________________ an opportunity to ________________________

5 I'm afraid to ________________________

1. Look at the photos. What is happening in each photo? Then match the words given with each photo.

(Nhìn vào những bức ảnh. Điều gì đang xảy ra trong mỗi bức ảnh? Sau đó nối các từ cho sẵn với mỗi bức ảnh.)

A deforestation

B mineral mining

C salinated area

D flood

2. Listen to a news report about global warming in Việt Nam. Tick (✓) the ideas that are mentioned in the report.

(Nghe một bản tin về sự nóng lên toàn cầu ở Việt Nam. Đánh dấu ( ✓) vào những ý được đề cập trong báo cáo.)

1 Việt Nam is dramatically affected by global warming. ☐

2 Global warming refers to a rise in the temperatures due to the increase of CO, levels. ☐

3 Global warming is caused by natural factors. ☐

4 Because of the rise in annual temperature, many arable lands are reduced. ☐

5 Many traffic problems in Việt Nam are due to floods and storms. ☐

6 Some particular solutions to global warming should be applied. ☐

3. Listen again and complete the diagram with the words from the report. Write NO MORE THAN THREE words.

(Nghe lại và hoàn thành sơ đồ với các từ trong báo cáo. Viết KHÔNG QUÁ BA từ.)

1 Trees, which turn ¹ _____ into ² _____⟶ Cut down for many reasons ⟶ The rise in ³ _____

2 The rise in annual temperature ⟶ ⁴ _____ rise ⟶ Many arable lands being turned into ⁵ _____

3 Global warming ⟶ More ⁶ _____  ⟶ Many traffic problems caused by ⁷ _____ and storms

4. Listen again. Choose the correct answer for each sentence.

(Lắng nghe một lần nữa. Chọn câu trả lời đúng cho mỗi câu.)

1 What does the report on climate change mention?

A negative impacts of global warming on human life

B positive and negative impacts of climate change on Việt Nam

2 According to the report, what are the main causes of global warming?

A deforestation and the rising volume of private vehicles

B deforestation and manufacturing activities.

3 What leads to the decrease in arable lands?

A sea level rise

B an increase in sea temperature

4 Which place is mentioned as being affected by severe weather events, according to the report?

A The Mekong Delta

B Hà Nội

5 What are some problems mentioned in the report?

A traffic congestion and unsafe driving

B traffic congestion and fallen trees

1. Read the text and find a word that has a similar meaning to the given word below.

(Đọc đoạn văn và tìm một từ có nghĩa tương tự với từ cho sẵn dưới đây.)

1 produced - ___________ (paragraph 1)

2 release (n) - ___________ (paragraph 2)

3 a type of greenhouse gas - ___________ (paragraph 4)

4 remains (n) - ___________ (paragraph 4)

5 effective - ___________ (paragraph 6)

2. Read the text again. Mark the sentences T (true), F (false), or NG (not given).

(Đọc văn bản một lần nữa. Đánh dấu các câu T (đúng), F (sai) hoặc NG (không nói đến).)

1 Plugging unused appliances can help save energy. ☐

2 Most cars and trucks on roads use diesel and gasoline. ☐

3 Feeding animals such as chickens, cows, and pigs with leftovers is not good for the environment. ☐

4 Things we buy only cause carbon emissions when we transport them to market. ☐

5 We should buy second-hand items once a month. ☐

3. Read the text again. Answer the question below.

(Đọc văn bản một lần nữa. Trả lời câu hỏi phía dưới.)

1 What means of transportation should we use when travelling long distances?

___________________________________________________

2 What kind of food should we consume more?

___________________________________________________

3 How many stages are there in the production of an item?

___________________________________________________

4 What is one of the quickest and most efficient ways to make an impact on global climate change?

___________________________________________________

5 Who should we request urgent actions from?

___________________________________________________

4. Complete the sentences with the correct words from the text.

(Hoàn thành câu với những từ đúng trong văn bản.)

1 Vehicle __________ are a cause of health risks.

2 All nations need to promote policies to reduce __________ emissions.

3 __________ causes extreme weather events in some regions.

4 They used to live on an island without __________ and running water.

5 You need to arrange your own __________ to the conference hall.

5. Write down three activities that you and your friends can do to reduce global warming.

(Viết ra ba hoạt động mà bạn và bạn bè có thể làm để giảm hiện tượng nóng lên toàn cầu.)

1. Choose the best option to complete each sentence.

(Chọn phương án đúng nhất để hoàn thành mỗi câu.)

1 It is becoming more (alarming / terribly) that the rising sea level is likely to flood some coastal communities.

2 It sounds (great / serious) that many South African residents are suffering from freshwater shortage and food scarcity.

3 We feel (joyful / worrying) that more people are using local foods and recycling wastes to reduce their carbon footprints on the environment.

4 The effects of flash floods on grain crops and agricultural land look (severe / fantastic).

5 It appears (worrying / interesting) that deforestation has caused a significant loss of wildlife habitats.

5 A sound good

B seem great

C seems terrible

D sounds wonderful

3. Write down your own predictions about the following environmental issues. The first one has been done for you.

(Hãy viết ra những dự đoán của riêng bạn về các vấn đề môi trường sau đây. Cái đầu tiên đã được làm cho bạn.)

4. Imagine you are an environmentalist - a person who studies the environment and tries to protect it from damage. Write a short letter (50-70 words) to the president to show him / her your predictions about the environment as a result of global warming, using the form below.

(Hãy tưởng tượng bạn là một nhà bảo vệ môi trường - một người nghiên cứu về môi trường và cố gắng bảo vệ nó khỏi bị hư hại. Viết một lá thư ngắn (50-70 từ) cho chủ tịch nước để cho ông ấy / bà ấy biết những dự đoán của bạn về môi trường do hiện tượng nóng lên toàn cầu, sử dụng mẫu dưới đây.)

Dear Sir / Madam,

I am an environmentalist, Dr ___________ (your name).

I am writing to you to express my concerns about current alarming environmental issues.

First, I feel that ____________________________

Second, I hear that ____________________________

Finally, it appears ____________________________

I hope that urgent actions will be taken seriously in order to preserve our environment and protect our health.

Yours faithfully,

1. What are should, ought to, must, have to used for? Write the correct words (should, ought to, have to, must) in the space.

(should, ought to, must, have to được dùng để làm gì? Viết các từ đúng (should, ought to, have to, must) vào trong khoảng trống.)

1 _________ is used to express a recommendation or an opinion about what is the right or best thing to do.

2 _________ is used to express an external obligation or requirement imposed by circumstances or authority. It is often used to talk about things that are necessary or mandatory.

3 _________ expresses a strong sense of obligation or necessity. It is often used to give commands or to emphasize the importance of following a particular rule or requirement.

4 _________ has a slightly strong sense of obligation. It is often used to express a moral obligation or duty.

2. Complete the sentences with should, ought to, must, have to.

(Hoàn thành các câu với should, ought to, must, have to.)

1 We _________ take immediate action to address global warming and reduce our carbon footprint to protect the planet for future generations.

2 As responsible citizens, we _________ educate ourselves about the causes and consequences of global warming.

3 We _________ acknowledge the effects of global warming and the urgent need for collective action to mitigate these effects on the planet.

4 Governments, businesses, and individuals _________ take concrete steps to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

5 We _________ invest in renewable energy sources to mitigate the impacts of global warming.

3. Complete the dialogue with the words/ phrases given in the box. You can use a word / phrase more than once.

(Hoàn thành đoạn hội thoại với các từ/cụm từ cho sẵn trong khung. Bạn có thể sử dụng một từ / cụm từ nhiều lần.)

Tom: Hey, John, have you ever thought about using renewable energy sources at home?

John: Not really, why do you ask?

Tom: Well, I think we ought to be more conscious of the impact we have on the environment. Using renewable energy is one way to reduce our ¹ ______

John: Yeah, you're right. But isn't it expensive?

Tom: It can be, but we ² ______ consider the long-term benefits. We ³ ______ start thinking about the future of the planet and the consequences of our actions.

John: I see your point. But what if we can't afford it?

Tom: There are government support available for renewable energy installation. We should look into that. Plus, we ⁴ ______ remember that investing in ⁵______ is an investment in our planet's future.

John: Hmm, I never thought about it that way. I think you're right. We ⁶ ______ start researching renewable energy options and see what we can do to make a difference.

Tom: Absolutely. We should all do our part to protect the environment and reduce our carbon footprint.

4. Write five sentences about what you and your family can do to reduce global warming. Use should, ought to, have to, must.

(Viết năm câu về những gì bạn và gia đình có thể làm để giảm hiện tượng nóng lên toàn cầu. Dùng should, ought to, have to, must.)

1. These are some of the causes of air pollution. Match the picture with the phrases given in the box.

(Đây là một số nguyên nhân gây ô nhiễm không khí. Nối hình ảnh với các cụm từ cho sẵn trong khung.)

2. In your opinion, what are the three main causes for air pollution in big cities?

(Theo bạn, ba nguyên nhân chính gây ô nhiễm không khí ở các thành phố lớn là gì?)

1 ______________________

2 ______________________

3 ______________________

3. Rank the solutions for air pollution in big cities from least important (1) to most important (6).

(Xếp hạng các giải pháp về ô nhiễm không khí ở các thành phố lớn từ ít quan trọng nhất (1) đến quan trọng nhất (6).)

☐ Invest in energy-efficient power generation

☐ Improve domestic and industrial waste management

☐ Make greener cities with energy-efficient buildings

☐ Reduce waste by raising awareness of citizens

☐ Build a safe and affordable public transport system and pedestrian cycle-friendly network

☐ Provide access to clean, affordable fuels and technology for cooking, heating, and lighting

4. Match each of the following writing steps to its purpose.

(Hãy ghép từng bước viết sau đây với mục đích của nó.)

5. Write a full essay (150-180 words) for the following task.

(Viết một bài luận đầy đủ (150-180 từ) cho nhiệm vụ sau.)

Air pollution is one of the most problematic issues that Việt Nam is facing today. In 2021, according to IQAir, Việt Nam ranked amongst the top 36 most polluted countries in the world. What are the causes of this issue and what measures can governments take to reduce it?

(Ô nhiễm không khí là một trong những vấn đề nan giải nhất mà Việt Nam đang phải đối mặt hiện nay. Năm 2021, theo IQAir, Việt Nam nằm trong top 36 quốc gia ô nhiễm nhất thế giới. Nguyên nhân của vấn đề này là gì và chính phủ có thể thực hiện những biện pháp nào để giảm thiểu nó?)

1. Match the words given with the pictures. Write in the space.

(Nối các từ cho sẵn với các hình ảnh. Viết vào chỗ trống.)

A carpooling

B recycling

C planting more trees

D using more public transport

2. Choose the correct sentences or phrases to complete the conversation between two friends.

(Chọn câu hoặc cụm từ đúng để hoàn thành đoạn hội thoại giữa hai người bạn.)

a to tackle this issue

b I'm afraid greenhouse gas is a major cause of global warming.

c In my opinion

d What is the cause of this problem?

Mary: Do you think it's getting hotter these days? I am sweating heavily!

Linh: Yes, that's right, Mary. I guess it is getting hotter every year.

Mary: Don't you remember that we used to drink hot chocolate around this time some years ago?

Linh: Yes, I remember it. And now we all drink iced tea and iced juice. ¹ ______?

Mary: ² ______, this is all due to globalwarming.

Linh: You are right, Mary. ³ ______ And this problem is not only serious here but all over the world.

Mary: What do you think the solution might be?

Linh: I think one possible solution is to decrease the use of private vehicles. It helps reduce the amount of smoke and emissions. Do you have any other suggestions?

Mary: I think in order ⁴ ______, planting more trees is a great idea. It will help clean up large amounts of carbon dioxide.

Linh: I agree. We must also reduce pollution if we want to survive, Mary ...

3. Put the following statements about global warming in the appropriate box.

(Điền những phát biểu sau đây về sự nóng lên toàn cầu vào ô thích hợp.)

1 To lessen the impacts of global warming, the government and individuals should work together.

2 In my opinion, global warming is one of the most serious issues that the world is facing today.

3 I think we should use more public transport to reduce the effects of global warming.

4 People can reduce waste by buying reusable products and recycling them.

5 I still believe that using electric cars and carpooling will help prevent global warming.

6 Installing pollution control filters will help minimize the amount of gasses released into the air.

1 Find Word Friends from the ones given in the box to fill in the blanks.

(Tìm những từ liên quan từ những từ được cho trong khung để điền vào chỗ trống.)

1 Find two Word Friends above that cause greenhouse gas.

________________________________________

2 Find two Word Friends above that are effects of global warming.

________________________________________

3 Find one Word Friends above that is the main source of greenhouse gases.

________________________________________

4 Find two Word Friends above that are solutions to global warming.

________________________________________

5 Find two Word Friends above that are increasing because of global warming.

________________________________________

2. Read the passage and fill in the blanks with words / phrases from the glossary.

(Đọc đoạn văn và điền vào chỗ trống các từ / cụm từ trong bảng thuật ngữ.)

Most researchers agree that human activities are the main cause of global warming. People burn ¹ ______ such as coal, oil, gas every day to cook, travel and manufacture. The huge amount of emissions has brought about an increase in ² ______. As a result, the ³ ______ is getting higher, the world is getting hotter. ⁴ ______are melting and ⁵ ______ are rising. Coastal communities are under threat. There are also more ⁶ ______, leading to the increase in the spread of mosquitoes and ⁷ ______. Therefore, it can be said that the consequences of global warming are very severe.

3. Complete the sentences with your own ideas.

(Hoàn thành các câu với ý tưởng của riêng bạn.)

1 The danger of more frequent droughts and storms sounds ______________.

2 I feel concerned that the sea temperatures ______________.

3 It seems scary that earthquakes and tsunamis ______________.

4 The government appears to take actions to ______________.

5 The film about the consequences of climate change looks ______________.

4. Listen and complete the sentences with NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from the recording.

(Nghe và hoàn thành các câu KHÔNG QUÁ BA TỪ trong đoạn ghi âm.)

1 There are some countries that are ____________ by climate change than the rest of the world.

2 Japan went through a series of ____________ in 2018.

3 Apart from heavy rainfalls, Japan was also affected by ____________, ____________ and ____________

4 In 2019, Australia lost millions of hectares of its land due to the large-scale ____________.

5 Reasons for the situation in Australia could be explained by the frequent ____________and extremely ____________ in the region.

5. Choose 2-3 solutions to reduce global warming below. Describe the solutions in an essay of 150-180 words. Use some of the expressions to express solutions.

(Chọn 2-3 giải pháp giảm hiện tượng nóng lên toàn cầu dưới đây. Mô tả các giải pháp trong một bài luận 150-180 từ. Sử dụng một số biểu thức để thể hiện giải pháp.)

• Buying local goods

• Using public transport and carpools

• Planting more trees

• Recycling and reusing

• Using fluorescent light bulbs

• Switching to solar power and hydropower