Choose the correct answer to complete each sentence below.

(Chọn đáp án đúng để hoàn thành mỗi câu dưới đây.)

1. We started a campaign against bullying in our school. (However / In addition), we organised classes for teens to try new things and become more confident.

2. Sharing someone’s personal information online is ilegal. (Therefore / Moreover), you should be very careful about what you post online.

3. (Because / Because of) our health campaign was successful, more teenagers now eat healthy food and exercise regularly.

4. (Although / In spite of) all our efforts, we were not able to solve the problem.

Linking words and phrases

(Các từ và cụm từ nối)

1. Connect these sentences, using linking words or phrases.

(Kết nối các câu này, sử dụng các từ hoặc cụm từ liên kết.)

1. Some people cannot control their anger when drinking alcohol. ____________, they become violent.

2. Body shaming is a very common issue. ____________, many people are not aware of it.

3. Alcohol can affect people’s mind and behaviour. ___________, they can cause other health problems.

4. The government has promised to solve our environmental issues. ____________, little has been achieved so far.

2. Work in pairs. Add more sentences to each item. Use different linking words and / or phrases.

(Làm việc theo cặp. Thêm nhiều câu hơn cho mỗi mục. Sử dụng các từ và/hoặc cụm từ liên kết khác nhau.)

1. Some children play too many violent computer games.

(Một số trẻ em chơi quá nhiều trò chơi máy tính bạo lực.)

_______________________________

2. Many people live in poverty.

(Nhiều người sống trong cảnh nghèo đói.)

_______________________________

3. Awareness campaigns help to draw people’s attention to social issues.

(Các chiến dịch nâng cao nhận thức giúp thu hút sự chú ý của mọi người đến các vấn đề xã hội.)

_______________________________

1. Write one sentence using the linking words and phrases in brackets. Do not change the meaning of the original sentences.

(Viết một câu sử dụng các từ và cụm từ liên kết trong ngoặc. Không làm thay đổi nghĩa của câu gốc.)

1. Many teenagers are victims of cyberbullying. As a result, they become depressed. (because of)

(Nhiều thanh thiếu niên là nạn nhân của bắt nạt trên mạng. Kết quả là họ trở nên chán nản. - bởi vì)

2. People pollute the environment. As a result, ecosystems are damaged. (as)

(Con người gây ô nhiễm môi trường. Kết quả là, hệ sinh thái bị hư hại. - bởi vì)

3. Our awareness campaign was a success. However, we sfill need to do more to stop cyberbullying. (although)

(Chiến dịch nâng cao nhận thức của chúng tôi đã thành công. Tuy nhiên, chúng tôi cần phải làm nhiều hơn nữa để ngăn chặn bắt nạt trên mạng. - mặc dù)

4. The forest has become a nature reserve. Therefore, people are not allowed to camp or hunt there. (since)

(Khu rừng đã trở thành khu bảo tồn thiên nhiên. Do đó, mọi người không được phép cắm trại hoặc săn bắn ở đó. - bởi vì)

5. There have been many campaigns to end deforestation. But trees are still being cut down. (in spite of)

(Đã có nhiều chiến dịch chấm dứt nạn phá rừng. Nhưng cây cối vẫn bị đốn hạ. - mặc dù)

6. There was peer pressure from my friends. However, I didn't skip lessons. (despite)

(Có áp lực từ bạn bè của tôi. Tuy nhiên, tôi đã không bỏ qua các bài học. - mặc dù)

7. Mandy is doing environmental projects. She is also helping teenagers find part-time jobs. (in addition to)

(Mandy đang thực hiện các dự án về môi trường. Cô ấy cũng đang giúp thanh thiếu niên tìm việc làm bán thời gian. - thêm vào đó)

8. We made an effort to save our local park. But it was sold to a property developer. (despite)

(Chúng tôi đã nỗ lực để cứu công viên địa phương của chúng tôi. Nhưng nó đã được bán cho một nhà phát triển bất động sản. - mặc dù)

3. Choose the best linking words to complete the sentences. Then listen again and check your answers.

(Chọn các từ liên kết tốt nhất để hoàn thành các câu. Sau đó nghe lại và kiểm tra câu trả lời của bạn.)

1. Photo A is of a room in a hostel, I think, unless/ whereas the second shows a small flat.

2. There are bunk beds in the room in the hostel, but/ when the other room has got a double bed.

3. While/When photo A shows a rather untidy room, the room in photo B is very tidy.

4. The room in the hostel looks quite cosy. However,/ Whereas the furniture looks a bit old and worn out.

5. I like the idea of sharing with other students, although / despite the lack of privacy.

Compound sentences (Câu ghép)

7. Combine the sentences using the words in brackets. Write in your notebook.

(Kết hợp các câu sử dụng các từ trong ngoặc. Viết vào vở của bạn.)

1. I want to help reduce air pollution. I always use public transport. (so)

(Tôi muốn giúp giảm ô nhiễm không khí. Tôi luôn sử dụng phương tiện giao thông công cộng.)

=> I want to help reduce air pollution, so I always use public transport.

(Tôi muốn giúp giảm ô nhiễm không khí, vì vậy tôi luôn sử dụng phương tiện giao thông công cộng.)

2. We use energy-efficient lights in our house. We don’t have a compost bin. (but)

(Chúng tôi sử dụng đèn tiết kiệm năng lượng trong nhà. Chúng tôi không có thùng ủ phân xanh.)

3. The environmental groups help to protect wildlife. They also help to save our forests. (and)

(Các nhóm bảo vệ môi trường giúp bảo vệ động vật hoang dã. Họ cũng giúp bảo vệ rừng của chúng ta.)

4. The city has excellent public transport. Unfortunately, many people still use their cars. (but)

(Thành phố có phương tiện giao thông công cộng tuyệt vời. Thật không may, nhiều người vẫn sử dụng ô tô.)

5. They planted many trees yesterday. They were very happy. (so)

(Hôm qua họ đã trồng nhiều. Họ rất vui.)

6. Do you drive to work today? Do you still use public transport as usual? (or)

(Hôm nay bạn lái xe đi làm à? Bạn vẫn sử dụng phương tiện công cộng như bình thường à?)

8. Use the following ideas to make compound sentences with and, or, but, or so. Write in your notebook.

(Sử dụng những ý tưởng sau đây để tạo câu ghép với “and”, “or”, “but”, hoặc “so”. Viết vào vở của bạn.)

1. Tom was running late for work. He didn’t eat breakfast.

(Tom đi làm muộn. Anh ấy không ăn sáng.)

=> Tom was running late for work, so he didn’t eat breakfast.

(Tom đi làm muộn nên anh ấy không ăn sáng.)

2. He didn’t want to take the bus. He didn’t want to take the underground either.

(Anh ấy không muốn đi xe buýt. Anh ấy cũng không muốn đi tàu điện ngầm.)

3. He decided to take a taxi. He couldn’t find one in the street.

(Anh ấy quyết định đi taxi. Anh ấy không thể tìm thấy một chiếc nào trên đường.)

4. He ran back to his house. He took his bike.

(Anh ấy chạy về nhà. ANh ấy lấy chiếc xe đạp của mình.)

5. It started to rain while he was cycling. He got very wet.

(Trời bắt đầu mưa khi anh ấy đang đạp xe. Anh ấy bị ướt.)

6. He finally arrived at the office building. He couldn’t remember in which room the meeting was taking place.

(Cuối cùng thì anh ấy cũng đến tòa nhà văn phòng. Anh ấy không thể nhớ cuộc họp đang diễn ra ở phòng nào.)

7. He called his secretary. She told him where the meeting room was.

(Anh ấy đã gọi cho thư ký của mình. Cô ấy nói cho anh ấy biết phòng họp ở đâu.)

8. Tom arrived late. He felt embarrassed.

(Tom đến muộn. Anh ấy cảm thấy xấu hổ.)

Mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.

The kids show some hatred towards him ____ he was really nice to them.

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the sentence that is closest in meaning to each of the following questions.

Both disabled and non-disabled people can contribute to our community by doing voluntary work.

2. Complete the sentences using the correct forms of the words in brackets.

(Hoàn thành các câu bằng cách sử dụng các hình thức đúng của các từ trong ngoặc.)

1. Because of (bully) __________, she was scared of going to school.

2. In addition to (live) __________ in poverty, many children experience health problems.

3. Despite (have) __________ interesting ideas, my brother was too shy to discuss them with his classmates.

4. In spite of the (support) __________ of our teacher, we were not allowed to carry out the social awareness campaign.

5. Although poverty (be) __________ a major issue in the city, little has been done about it so far.

3. There is a mistake in each item. Find the mistake and correct it.

(Có một sai lầm trong mỗi mục. Tìm lỗi và sửa nó.)

1. In addition with health problems, alcohol could also cause memory loss.

2. My parents had to deal with many problems. Besides of this, they worked very hard to save money for a house.

3. Many people in my neighbourhood have lost their jobs. As result, crime has increased.

4. Despite of our successful social awareness campaign, there is still much work to do to reduce poverty.

5. Because of my teacher liked my idea so much, I decided to submit it to the ideas competition.

6. The environmental issues in our community have been solved. With contrast, people experience more social problems.

7. Depression is a common issue in our modern society. Although, not much has been done about it among young people.

8. Moreover to supporting your friends in studying harder, you can encourage them to try a new sport or hobby.

9. In addition to her low grades, my sister was accepted into university.

10. The brain continues to develop until the mid-to late-20s. However, teenagers respond to stress differently than adults.

1. Rewrite the sentences without changing their meanings.

(Viết lại câu sao cho nghĩa không thay đổi.)

1. Because there is an increase in cyberbullying, many schools have to update their anti-bullying policies.

→ Because of the _____________________________________________.

2. Although the police are using new methods to control crime in the city, crime figures are still high.

→ Despite _________________________________________________________.

3. Many teenagers have to deal with physical bullying. They also have to deal with cyberbullying.

→ In addition ___________________________________________________.

4. Many teenagers are afraid or not sure if they are bullied or not, so they don’t do anything about their situation.

→ __________________________. Therefore, _______________________________.

5. In spite of developing health problems, some people continue to drink too much.

→ Although ________________________________________________________.

6. Because of test anxiety, some students suffer from stress and fail to do well in their exams.

→ Because _____________________________________________________.

7. I’m getting anxious about my English exam, and I don’t think I have enough time to revise

for it.

→ _________________________________. Besides, ___________________________.

8. The Internet is a great source of information, but it may not be reliable.

→ ________________________________. However, ____________________________.

2. Use the words and phrases below, and add some words where necessary to make meaningful sentences. Change the verb forms if necessary.

(Sử dụng các từ và cụm từ dưới đây, và thêm một số từ nếu cần thiết để tạo thành câu có nghĩa. Thay đổi các hình thức động từ nếu cần thiết.)

1. Although / his parents / not approve of / his friends / he / continue / hang out / them.

2. City dwellers / get / richer. / By contrast / rural areas / become / poorer.

3. Our campaign / aim / help / poor / people / by / create / jobs opportunities / for them.

4. We / hope / you / would consider / our proposal / because / it / could help / our school / become / safer place / everyone.

5. People / all ages / take part / campaign / last week. / Moreover / a famous singer / come / perform / one of our events.

6. Parents / start / campaign / reduce / violent content / TV / as / they / believe / it / harmful / children.

7. We / need / draw / people’s attention / pressing / social issues / such as / poverty / crime / our city.

8. Body shaming / very serious / issue / teenagers / nowadays / although / many people / not feel / comfortable / talk about it.

2. Choose the correct linking word or phrase in each pair of the sentences.

(Chọn từ hoặc cụm từ liên kết đúng trong mỗi cặp câu.)

1   She worked hard at school. Consequently, / Mind you, she did well in her exams.

2  The town has excellent leisure facilities. For instance, / However, there is a new sports centre.

3  The journey had been long and tiring. For example, / For that reason, they decided to get an early night.

4  The weather was extremely cold. Indeed, / However, it reached -12°C one night.

5   Ellie spent all afternoon at the beach. As a result, / Mind you, she got slightly sunburned.

6  The house is in a terrible condition – in fact, / though it would be impossible to live there

3. Match sentences 1-5 with endings a-f. Use the linking words to help you. There is one extra ending.

(Ghép các câu từ 1-5 với đuôi từ a-f. Sử dụng các từ liên kết để giúp bạn. Có một đuôi bị thừa.)

1 She stayed up all night doing her homework. As a result, she ☐

2 They climbed the mountain in one day, though it ☐

3 She really disliked the film. In fact, she ☐

4 He applied for about twenty jobs. However, he ☐

5 He decided he wanted to be a journalist. Consequently, he ☐

a eventually managed to get in touch.

b sent his CV to all the national newspapers.

c left before the end.

d overslept and was late for school.

e was difficult and exhausting.

f only got two or three interviews.

4. You are going to listen to a radio interview about Margaret Fuller. First, read the sentences and circle the correct endings. Then listen and check your answers.

(Bạn sắp nghe một cuộc phỏng vấn trên đài phát thanh về Margaret Fuller. Đầu tiên, đọc các câu và khoanh tròn các kết thúc đúng. Sau đó nghe và kiểm tra câu trả lời của bạn.)

1 Margaret was an excellent student. In fact,

a   by the age of six, she was translating Latin poetry into English.

b   she always found Latin particularly difficult.

2 Boys often learned Latin, but girls learned different things: for instance,

a   girls usually started school at a later age.

b   how to behave in public.

3 She taught herself several languages and read great literature from around the world. Indeed,

a   novels from Germany, France and Italy.

b   Many people considered her the best-educated person on the East Coast.

4 At that time, there were certain jobs which people thought of as suitable for women: for example,

a   being a teacher.

b   Margaret was not interested in these jobs.

5 Some of the reviews she wrote were very negative. As a result,

a   she was not always popular with novelists and poets of her time.

b   she praised good writing when she came across it.

6 She definitely tried to make the world a better place. Mind you,

a   she particularly wanted to help people who couldn’t help themselves.

b   during her lifetime, she was actually best known for being bad-tempered!