2. Read the text quickly. What do the bold words mean? What do the underlined phrases mean?

(Đọc văn bản một cách nhanh chóng. Những từ in đậm có nghĩa là gì? Những cụm từ được gạch chân có nghĩa là gì?)

FEMALE SCIENTISTS Changing The World

In any web search for the world's famous scientists, Marie Curie always receives a mention. Curie, a Polish and naturalised French physicist and chemist, discovered radiation, helped apply it in the field of X-rays and coined the term radioactivity. She made a huge contribution to science, but was one of the very few women who gained the recognition they deserved.

Science was man's world in the nineteenth century. And yet, Mary Anning became an expert in fossils and geology. Coming from a poor family, she collected fossils on the beach and sold them to make a little money. She found fossils of complete marine reptiles that became extinct over 100 million years ago. She gained the respect of scientists, but living in an era when women weren't allowed to vote or attend university, she was not Geological Society of London.

A hundred years later, conditions were still difficult for female scientists. Rosalind Franklin, a chemist born in 1920, was part of a team who discovered the molecular structure of DNA. Tragically, she died aged thirty-seven, four years before her fellow scientists, all men, were awarded the Nobel Prize in 1962. They made no reference to Franklin in their acceptance speech.

In cases where women's achievements were recognised, we still find evidence of discrimination in the way these were reported in the press. When the brilliant chemist Dorothy Hodgkin was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1964 for discovering the molecular structure of penicillin and vitamin B12, the paper headline was Oxford Housewife Wins Nobel. In fact, this housewife was also a professor at Oxford University. Today, the gender gap in the world of science is slowly closing and there are many female scientists inspiring new generations of girls to study scientific subjects. But there are still some ways to go for women to be equally represented in science.

While Bill Gates had to work (1)………..to become what he is today, his story isn’t exactly a rags-to-riches one as he was born into a fairly wealthy family. His father was a successful attorney while his mother was a school teacher who went onto a member of the Board of Directors of the First Interstate Bank. 

Gates was a bright student and (2) ……….well academically, especially in mathematics. And, this was exemplified by the 800 points that young Bill Gates scored in the mathematics part of an intelligence test.

Bill Gates developed a (3) ………..for computers and programming as early as 13. At the same age, Gates enrolled in the Lakeside School, a private preparatory school.

(4) ………his flare in programming, the school administration excused Gates from classes to allow him

his flare in programming, the school administration excused Gates from classes to allow him to (5) ………….his interest

At the school, Gates met Paul Allen and they worked (6)………..to find bugs in a system belonging to Computer Center Corporation.

This led to Gates’ school becoming fully aware (7)………..his talent

and they had him a build a program (8)………..scheduled students in classes.

A few years later, he developed another software and earned $30,000 from (9) _________.

And, this was the start of Bill Gates’ journey to a billion-dollar (10)…………..

2. Read the conversation again and circle the correct answer to complete each of the sentences.

(Đọc lại đoạn hội thoại và khoanh tròn câu trả lời đúng để hoàn thành mỗi câu.)

1. Dang Thuy Tram was born in Ha Noi/Hue.

2. Tram wrote about/operated on injured soldiers during the war.

3. She died when she was very young/old.

4. An American soldier kept her diary for 27 years/more than three decades before returning a copy to her family.

3. Find words and a phrase in 1 with the following meanings.

(Tìm từ và cụm từ trong phần 1 có nghĩa sau.)

1. a______ : descriptions of things that have happened

2. d______ : the end of somebody's life

3. d____ to: giving time, attention, etc. to something

4. y______ : the period of time when a person is young

4. Complete the sentences based on the conversation.

(Hoàn thành các câu dựa vào đoạn hội thoại.)

Dang Thuy Tram was a young surgeon. She (1) _________ her diary while she (2) _________ in a field hospital during the war. One day, she (3) _________ while she (4) _________ in the jungle. She was only 27 then. An American soldier (5) _________ her diary for many years before returning a copy to her family.

A creative genius

(Một thiên tài sáng tạo)

1. Work in pairs. Discuss the questions.

(Làm việc theo cặp. Thảo luận các câu hỏi.)

1. Who is the man in the photo?

(Người trong bức ảnh là ai?)

2. What is he most famous for?

(Ông ấy nổi tiếng vì điều gì?)

2. Read the article. Choose the words or phrases with the closest meaning to the highlighted words or phrases in the text.

(Đọc bài viết. Chọn những từ hoặc cụm từ có nghĩa gần nhất với những từ hoặc cụm từ được đánh dấu trong văn bản.)

STEVE JOBS' LIFE AND ACHIEVEMENTS

A. _________

Steven Paul Jobs was born on 24 February, 1955 in San Francisco, USA. His biological parents were not married and gave him up for adoption. He was adopted by Clara and Paul Jobs. In 1971, Jobs met Steve Wozniak, who was five years older than him, but they bonded over their love of electronics. After high school, Jobs attended Reed College in Oregon, but found the classes boring and dropped out after six months.

B. _________

When Jobs was 21, he and Wozniak started Apple Computers in Jobs' family garage with money they got by selling Jobs' van and Wozniak's scientific calculator. By making computers smaller, cheaper, and accessible to everyday users, their company became a huge success and sales quickly increased.

Although Jobs left Apple in 1985, he returned to his post in 1997 when the company needed new ideas. He helped invent new products such as the iMac, the iBook for students, the iPod music player, and iTunes music software. In 2007, he introduced the touch-screen iPhone which changed the way phones were used. Apple products were not only designed to be cutting-edge technology, but also to be stylish and easy to use.

In addition, Jobs contributed to computer animation. In 1986, he bought a small company, which later became Pixar Animation Studios. It produced the first full-length computer-animated film Toy Story, followed by other blockbusters.

C. _________

In 2003, Jobs was diagnosed with a rare form of pancreatic cancer. He fought the disease for several years, and stopped working in August, 2011. Two months later, he passed away. He had four children, three with his wife of 20 years and one from a previous relationship. On an Apple web page, a statement reads, 'Apple has lost a visionary and creative genius, and the world has lost an amazing human being.'

1. adopted

A. given birth to

B. taken by another family as their own child

2. dropped out

A. continued to study

B. left school/college before completing your studies

3. cancer

A. a serious disease

B. a dangerous animal

4. passed away

A. died

B. went past something

5. genius

A. a very intelligent person

B. an ordinary person

3. Read the article again. Match each section (A-C) with a heading (1-5). There are TWO extra headings.

(Đọc lại bài viết. Nối mỗi phần (A-C) với tiêu đề (1-5). Có HAI tiêu đề dư.)

1. Achievements (Thành tích)

2. Early life and education (Cuộc sống và giáo dục sớm)

3. Marriage and family (Hôn nhân và gia đình)

4. Contribution to animation (Đóng góp cho hoạt hình)

5. Health issues and family (Vấn đề sức khỏe và gia đình)

4. Read the article again. Complete the diagram with information from the text. Use ONE word for each gap.

(Đọc lại bài viết. Hoàn thành sơ đồ với thông tin từ văn bản. Sử dụng MỘT từ cho mỗi chỗ trống.)

1955

• born in San Francisco

• (1) _____ by the Jobs' family

1976

• started (2) _____Computers

1985

• left the company

1986

• bought a (3) _____

1997-2010

• returned to Apple

• helped invent new (4) _____

2011

• resigned

• died of (5) _____

2. Read some facts about Walt Disney. Then work in pairs to answer all the questions in 1.

(Đọc một số sự thật về Walt Disney. Sau đó làm việc theo cặp để trả lời tất cả các câu hỏi ở phần 1.)

1. Read the following text and complete the comparison table on page 18.

(Đọc đoạn văn sau và hoàn thành bảng so sánh ở trang 18.)

Queens of the world

It is said that women can rule kingdoms, and some of them actually did. Below are three of the most famous queens in world history.

Cleopatra VII (69 BC-30 BC)

The queen of ancient Egypt (ruling from 51 BC to 30 BC) was most famous for her determination and beauty. She was also very intelligent and well educated, and could speak nine languages. Under her rule, Egypt was a rich nation and remained independent from the expanding Roman Empire.

Elizabeth I (1533-1603)

Queen Elizabeth 1 ruled England for 45 years (1558-1603). She was admired for her strong determination and intelligence. Elizabeth could speak and write five languages, and even translated lengthy texts into French, Italian, and Latin. She is considered one of the most successful queens in British history. She defeated the powerful Spanish Navy in 1588 and encouraged the development of the arts. She refused to get married.

Catherine II (1729-1796)

Catherine II was a minor German princess who became known as Catherine the Great and ruled Russia from 1762 to 1796. She was intelligent, ambitious, and dedicated to her adopted country. She expanded the Russian Empire, adding an area of more than 500,000 square kilometres. She improved education for children and women, and opened the first school for girls in Russia. During her time there were also great developments in architecture, trade, and culture.

1. Read the text about Alexandre Yersin. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions.

(Đọc đoạn văn về Alexandre Yersin. Đánh dấu chữ cái A, B, C hoặc D để chỉ ra câu trả lời đúng cho mỗi câu hỏi sau.)

Alexandre Yersin was born in 1863 in Switzerland, and passed away at the age of 80 in Nha Trang, Viet Nam. His family was originally from France. He was a doctor who made great contributions to medicine as well as the people in Viet Nam.

In 1890, Yersin left Europe to work as a medical doctor on a ship near Indochina, where he explored the region. In 1894, he was sent to Hong Kong to deal with an infected disease. Then, he discovered a bacterium responsible for the disease and saved millions of people's lives.

One year later, Yersin established a small laboratory in Nha Trang to prepare serums against the disease in human beings and cattle. To fund the laboratory, he started to grow corn, rice, and coffee, and introduced the rubber tree in Indochina. It later became a branch of the Pasteur Institute in Paris.

From 1902 to 1904, he lived in Ha Noi and helped establish Ha Noi Medical University. He was also the first medical director of the university. In 1920, he introduced the first effective drug for preventing and treating malaria in the region.

His house in Nha Trang is now the Yersin Museum. A university in Da Lat was named Yersin University in his honour.

1. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?

A. The story of a remarkable life

B. Yersin's research and exploration in Indochina

C. Yersin's contributions to medicine in Viet Nam

D. Yersin's childhood in Viet Nam

2. The word 'fund' in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to _____.

A. introduce

B. grow

C. discover

D. finance

3. The word 'It' in paragraph 3 refers to _____.

A. cattle

B. laboratory

C. coffee

D. rubber tree

4. According to the text, which of the following information is true about Yersin?

A. He started living in Ha Noi in 1890.

B. He opened a university by himself.

C. He could find an effective method for treating malaria.

D. He had a house in Nha Trang, which was turned into a pharmacy.

2. Read the following passage about Ton That Tung's contributions to the medicine in Viet Nam. Mark the letter A, B, C, or D to indicate the correct word that best fits each blank.

(Đọc đoạn văn sau đây về những đóng góp của Tôn Thất Tùng cho nền y học Việt Nam. Đánh dấu chữ cái A, B, C hoặc D để chỉ ra từ đúng phù hợp nhất với mỗi chỗ trống.)

Ton That Tung was a famous surgeon (1) ________ made great contributions to the medicine in Viet Nam. From 1935 to 1939, he performed operations on over 200 livers of dead bodies and analysed them when he (2) ________ the Indochina School of Medicine and Pharmacy. After the Revolution in August (1945), he worked as a private doctor to take care (3) ________ Uncle Ho. A few years later, he became the director of Phu Doan Hospital (Viet Duc Hospital today). In 1958, he was the first doctor to (4) ________ heart surgery in Viet Nam. Later, in 1960s, he found a new surgery method to reduce bleeding (5) ________ shorten the time for the operation down to only four to eight minutes.

1.

A. whose                    

B. who            

C. which         

D. whom

2.

A. made                      

B. took           

C. attended     

D. discovered

3.

A. in               

B. for              

C. about          

D. of

4.

A. perform     

B. prevent      

C. change       

D. treat

5.

A. but             

B. and

C. so               

D. for

a. Read Lisa's blog about visiting Italy. What event impacted her the most? Choose the correct answer.

(Đọc blog của Lisa về chuyến thăm Ý. Sự kiện nào tác động đến cô ấy nhiều nhất? Chọn câu trả lời đúng.)

1. learning about Italian history (tìm hiểu về lịch sử nước Ý)

2. seeing the Colosseum (tham quan Đấu trường La Mã)    

3. going on the tour without her phone (đi du lịch mà không mang theo điện thoại)

A LIFE-CHANGING TRIP

Lisa Smith

Hi, everyone! Today, I want to tell you all about something that had a big impact on me. It happened two years ago on a trip to Rome, Italy with my family and my best friend.

On the first day, we were outside the hotel, and our tour guide was explaining the itinerary. While everyone else was listening, my friend and I were busy taking selfies. Then, my dad came over and asked what we thought about the planned bus tour. We were embarrassed because we didn't listen at all. My dad was really upset. He said we would enjoy the trip more if we didn't spend all day on our phones. Then, he asked us to give him our phones for the rest of the day. I felt so embarrassed in front of my friend, but we didn't have a choice.

At first, I didn't know what to do on the bus. It was a nice day with perfect weather, and all around me were beautiful, old buildings. Suddenly, I didn't miss my phone. Later that morning, we stopped at a huge ancient stadium called the Colosseum. The guide told us it was almost 2,000 years old. He said that sometimes they would even fill it with water and put ships in it to recreate famous sea battles. It was so cool!

I'm grateful that my dad took my phone away that day. Now when I travel, I'm not always looking at my phone. I enjoy the sights in front of me with my eyes first, and only take photos later. So, everyone, don't live your life on your phones. There's a beautiful world out there for you to see.

b. Now, read and answer the questions.

(Bây giờ hãy đọc và trả lời các câu hỏi.)

1. What did Lisa do two years ago?

(Lisa đã làm gì hai năm trước?)

2. Why didn't Lisa and her friend hear the tour guide?

(Tại sao Lisa và bạn cô ấy không nghe lời hướng dẫn viên du lịch?)

3. The word it in paragraph 3 refers to ________.

(Từ it ở đoạn 3 đề cập đến________.)

A. the Colosseum (đấu trường La Mã)

B. the Colosseum's history (lịch sử của Đấu trường La Mã)

C. the tour (chuyến tham quan)

4. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as something Lisa enjoyed on her trip?

(Điều nào sau đây KHÔNG được đề cập là điều Lisa thích trong chuyến đi của cô ấy?)

A. the weather (thời tiết)

B. Italian food (món ăn Ý)

C. the Colosseum’s history (lịch sử của Đấu trường La Mã)

5. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?

(Điều nào sau đây có thể được suy ra từ đoạn văn?)

A. Lisa likes to travel without a phone.

(Lisa thích đi du lịch mà không có điện thoại.)

B. Lisa uses her phone more when traveling.

(Lisa sử dụng điện thoại nhiều hơn khi đi du lịch.)

C. Lisa uses her phone less when traveling.

(Lisa sử dụng điện thoại ít hơn khi đi du lịch.)

c. Listen and read.

(Nghe và đọc.)

a. Read the biography about Nellie Bly. What can be said about her? Choose the correct answer.

(Đọc tiểu sử về Nellie Bly. Có thể nói gì về cô ấy? Chọn câu trả lời đúng.)

1. She was a brave woman who changed her field and the world.

(Cô ấy là một người phụ nữ dũng cảm đã thay đổi lĩnh vực của mình và thế giới.)

2. She was a highly successful woman who was inspired by other women.

(Cô ấy là một người phụ nữ rất thành công và được những người phụ nữ khác truyền cảm hứng.)

Nellie Bly was an American journalist, best known for her investigative reporting. She also made the fastest trip around the world.

She was born in 1864 in Pennsylvania, the United States. Her parents named her Elizabeth Jane Cochran. She started her career in 1885 after writing an angry response to an article called What Girls Are Good For in the Pittsburgh Dispatch. They were impressed and gave her a job. In her first article, she argued that not all women needed to get married, and that they should have better opportunities. She then used the name Nellie Bly for the rest of her career.

After leaving the Pittsburgh Dispatch, Nellie was rejected from jobs because newspapers wouldn't hire a woman. She finally got a job at the New York World by agreeing to pretend to be mentally unwell to investigate a mental asylum. Her report exposed the asylum's conditions, and it was forced to improve its patient care. f, she wrote about many difficult issues, and most of them are in support of women's lives.

In 1889, inspired by Jules Verne's novel Around the World in Eighty Days, she took a trip around the world. The idea was rejected by her newspaper at first because "no one but a man can do this", but finally her editor agreed. She traveled alone for most of it, an unusual thing for women to do at the time. She actually met Jules Verne in France and completed the trip after 72 days, setting a world record.

In her later years, Nellie Bly returned to journalism. She wrote reports about World War I and problems that impacted women. Nellie Bly died in 1922 at the age of 57. Her life has inspired dozens of movies, TV series, and books.

c. Now, read and answer the questions.

(Bây giờ hãy đọc và trả lời các câu hỏi.)

1. According to paragraph 2, all of the following are true EXCEPT_________.

(Theo đoạn 2, tất cả những điều sau đây đều đúng NGOẠI TRỪ)

A. Nellie Bly wasn't happy with career options women had back then

(Nellie Bly không hài lòng với những lựa chọn nghề nghiệp mà phụ nữ có vào thời đó)

B. Elizabeth Jane Cochran wrote her first article under the name Nellie Bly

 (Elizabeth Jane Cochran viết bài báo đầu tiên của mình dưới cái tên Nellie Bly)

C. Nellie Bly was interested in writing about women's lives

(Nellie Bly thích viết về cuộc sống của phụ nữ)

2. The word pretend in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to _________.

(Từ pretend ở đoạn 3 có nghĩa gần nhất với)

A. put on an act

(thực hiện một hành động)

B. imagine

(tưởng tượng)

C. say

(nói)

3. How did Nellie Bly get her job at the New York World? _________

(Làm thế nào Nellie Bly có được công việc của mình tại New York World?)

4. Which of the following can be inferred from paragraph 3?

(Điều nào sau đây có thể được suy ra từ đoạn 3?)

A. The mental hospital treated its patients badly.

(Bệnh viện tâm thần đối xử tệ với bệnh nhân của mình.)

B. Nellie Bly was already well known as a journalist before she wrote for the New York World.

(Nellie Bly đã nổi tiếng với tư cách là một nhà báo trước khi cô viết bài cho tờ New York World.)

C. Nellie didn't have any difficulty getting into the hospital.

(Nellie không gặp khó khăn gì khi vào bệnh viện.)

5. Why did Nellie Bly make a trip around the world? _________

(Tại sao Nellie Bly lại thực hiện chuyến đi vòng quanh thế giới?)

d. Listen and read.

(Nghe và đọc.)

2. Read the text. For questions (1-4), choose the best answers (A, B, C or D).

(Đọc bài khóa. Với các câu hỏi (1-4), chọn đáp án đúng (A, B, C hoặc D).

1. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?

A. An Impossible Task

B. Chasing Glory

C. Close to Gold

D. One Last Chance

2. What had Gary done by the time he was twenty-two years old?

A. He had won four gold medals.

B. He had set several records.

C. He had competed in the Olympics.

D. He had learned about his diabetes.

3. Which of the following has the closest meaning to the word devastated in paragraph 2?

A. shocked

B. furious

C. confused

D. doubtful

4. Which of the following can be inferred from paragraph 4?

A. Gary never thought that he could succeed.

B. Gary stopped swimming in the year 2000.

C. Gary's friends and family doubted Gary's success.

D. Gary never paid attention to what people said about him.

3. Read the text again and decide if each of the statements (1-4) is T (true) or F (false).

(Đọc lại văn bản và quyết định xem mỗi câu (1-4) là T (đúng) hay F (sai).)

1. Gary had natural swimming talent to begin with.

2. A year before the 2000 Olympics, Gary's health condition made it easy for him to train.

3. Gary didn't have much success at the 2000 Olympics in Sydney.  

4. Gary competed in three different Olympic events.

VALUE OUR LIFE EXPERIENCES

(Trân trọng trải nghiệm cuộc sống)

Which of these do you agree with? Can you think of more reasons?

(Bạn đồng ý với điều nào dưới đây? Bạn có nghĩ được những lí do khác không?)

I value my life experiences because they ...

(Tôi trân trọng những trải nghiệm cuộc sống của mình vì chúng …)

1. teach me new things about the world.

(dạy tôi nhiều thứ mới về thế giới.)

2. make my life interesting and challenging.

(làm cho cuộc sống của tôi thú vị và đầy thách thức.)

3. have positive effects on me.

(có những hiệu ứng tích cực với tôi.)