5. Read the text and decide if each of the statements (1–5) is T (true) or F (false).

(Đọc văn bản và quyết định xem mỗi khẳng định (1–5) là T (đúng) hay F (sai).)

GIRLS AUTO CLINIC

Patrice Banks was from a poor family, but she was very intelligent. She studied science at university and became a chemical engineer at a big company in Philadelphia, USA. She earned a good salary and wore smart clothes and high heels in the office. At work, she was respected, but there was one thing she really hated – taking her car to the mechanic! She didn’t understand how her car worked and she felt that the young, male mechanics were behaving to her as if she was stupid. She tried searching for a female mechanic instead ... but she couldn’t find a single one.

That’s why, in her thirties, Patrice learnt to be a mechanic at a night school. Then, she quit her job and worked in a repair shop before opening her own - Girls Auto Clinic. Here, Patrice wears high heels, but she’s still serious about her job. Her shop has an all-female staff and an on-site beauty salon, so customers can fix their hair and nails while Patrice and her team are fixing their cars! Patrice also runs workshops for women to help them understand how their cars work and how to fix them.

1. Patrice didn’t have a lot of money when she was young. _____

2. Patrice always knew a lot about cars. _____

3. Patrice went back to university to learn to be a mechanic. _____

4. No men work in Patrice’s repair shop. _____

5. Patrice teaches women how to look after their cars. _____

 

Equal job opportunities

(Các cơ hội công việc bình đẳng)

1. Listen and read.

(Nghe và đọc.)

At an international summer camp, Lan is talking with Mark and Linda about jobs.

Lan: It’s great to have another week full of activities and trips at the camp.

Mark: Oh, yeah. I like the trip to the kindergarten most. The kids were adorable and the teachers were great. I think I’ll be a kindergarten teacher.

Lan: That’s fantastic. My cousin works at a kindergarten and the children love being in his class. By the way, what do you want to be in the future, Linda?

Linda: Oh, I’ve always wanted to be a surgeon, so I’ll go to medical school. What about you, Lan?

Lan: Me? My dream is to become an airline pilot. That’s why I’m focusing on maths and physics, and exercising more to improve my fitness.

Linda: Cool! I hope your dream will come true. In some countries girls may not be allowed to be pilots.

Lan: That’s true, Linda. We’re lucky to live in a country where boys and girls are encouraged to do the jobs they want.

Mark: I couldn’t agree more. Girls mustn’t be kept home in today’s world. Boys and girls should be treated equally and given the same job opportunities.

2. Read the conversation again. Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).

(Đọc lại đoạn hội thoại. Quyết định xem các câu sau là đúng (T) hay sai (F).)

3. Match the words to make meaningful phrases in 1.

(Ghép các từ để tạo thành các cụm từ có nghĩa trong bài 1.)

2. Read the text and circle the correct meanings of the highlighted words and phrases.

(Đọc văn bản và khoanh tròn nghĩa đúng của các từ và cụm từ được đánh dấu.)

Gender equality has been greatly promoted around the world. However, there are still many challenges that women face.

First of all, there are still girls who are forced to get married before the age of 18. In many places, parents may see child marriage as a way to protect daughters from violence. However, many of these young girls become victims of domestic violence. Child marriage also carries serious health risks as young girls are not physically developed to give birth.

Secondly, more than half of the world's uneducated people are women. This means fewer girls than boys go to school or stay long at school. Girls who receive an education are less likely to marry young. They can also have better job skills and can earn higher salaries. Education gives girls the opportunity to have a better life and give back to their communities.

Thirdly, women are often paid less than men. In other words, women have to work longer than men to earn the same amount of money. Differences in career choices might be one reason. Women tend to become nurses, secretaries, or shop assistants, which are low-paying jobs, while men choose high-paying careers as surgeons, airline pilots, or engineers.

Women are still not equal to men in today's society, and governments, organisations and individuals must work together to achieve gender equality.

1. be forced

a. be made to do something unwanted

b. be made to do something necessary

2. domestic violence

a. action taken to please someone

b. behaviour intended to hurt someone you live with

3. uneducated

a. having little or no formal education at school

b. not having many jobs opportunities

4. low-paying

a. giving money to a person

b. providing very little money

3. Read the text again and decide whether the following statements are true (T), false (F) or not given (NG).

(Đọc lại văn bản và quyết định xem các câu sau là đúng (T), sai (F) hay không nhắc đến (NG).)

 1. Read the text and fill the timeline about women’s football.

(Đọc văn bản và điền vào dòng thời gian về bóng đá nữ.)

WOMEN’S FOOTBALL

It is commonly thought that football is a sport for men. In fact, it is a sport for women, too.

The first recorded football matches between women took place in 1890s in Scotland and England. Women’s football became very popular during the First World War when women started working in the factories. In 1921, however, the football Association (FA) decided that the game was not suitable for women.

The ban lasted for 50 years until it was finally lifted in 1971. In the same year, France and the Netherlands played the first official women’s international football match. However, it took 20 years for the first FIFA Women’s World Cup to happen in 1991 in Asia. Since then, the competition has been held every four years.

Nowadays, like men’s football, women’s football is becoming more and more popular. Women’s professional football has developed significantly and the Women’s World Cup has drawn worldwide interests.

2. Work in pairs. Fill the timeline about women’s football in Viet Nam.

(Làm việc theo cặp. Điền vào dòng thời gian về bóng đá nữ ở Việt Nam.)

1. Read the text and match the highlighted words with their meanings.

(Đọc văn bản và nối các từ được tô sáng với nghĩa của chúng.)

1. having enough knowledge and skills

2. give someone help or support

3. thought in a particular way

GENDER EQUALITY IN SPORT

In the Pacific Island of Fiji, a new sport programme enables both male and female school teachers to receive training as coaches. Rugby, which is often considered a male sport, is creating more opportunities for men and women in Fiji. For Kitiana Kaitu, a primary school teacher from Nasinu, Fiji, it was an honour to become a rugby coach. She has recently qualified as a coach and life skills trainer for this sport programme.

Sport can be used as a powerful tool to reject gender roles and build a healthy lifestyle. In the Pacific region, rugby is a particularly important sport. Kitiana Kaitu is now one of the highly skilled coaches who are discovering new ways to encourage both girls and boys in Fiji to play rugby.

 2. Read the text again and decide whether the statements are true (T) or false (F).

(Đọc lại văn bản và quyết định những câu sau là đúng (T) hay sai (F).)

2. Read the text and circle the correct words. Then listen and check.

(Đọc bài khóa và khoanh tròn từ đừng. Sau đó nghe và kiểm tra lại.)

Ann Davison

Margaret Ann Longstaffe was born (1) in/on 5 June 1914 in Surrey, England. As a child, she really loved adventures. When she grew up, she travelled a lot. She liked riding horses, driving fast cars and flying aeroplanes. Ann became one of the very (2) few/little women pilots in Britain in the 1930s.

In 1947 Ann and her husband, Frank Davison, also a pilot, bought an old boat "Reliance" and decided to (3) go/set sail to travel the world. However, they were caught in (4) rough/hard weather in the Irish Sea. The ship was wrecked and Frank was killed. Ann survived, washed (5) offshore/ashore at the foot of a cliff.

3. Which of the following words can replace the ones in bold in the second part of the text?

(Từ nào dưới đây có thể dùng để thay thế từ in đậm trong phần thứ hai của bài khóa?)

Later…

After recovering from the tragedy, Ann worked as a successful writer and waited for a chance to sail again. She became more determined to complete the challenge of a lifetime. She bought a small boat "Felicity Ann" (FA) and spent two years preparing it and teaching herself to sail. On 18 May 1952, she departed from Plymouth. She was still relatively inexperienced, but she made up for lack of experience with bravery.

With her strength of character, Ann and ‘FA’ got through days of severe storms and loneliness. Ann Davison finally reached land in Dominica on 23 January 1953, becoming the first woman to sail solo across the Atlantic.

Tạm dịch:

Ít lâu sau…

Sau khi vượt qua được tấn bi kịch, Ann đã trở thành một nhà văn thành công và đợi cơ hội để ra khơi lần nữa. Cô ấy trở nên quyết tâm hơn để hoàn thành thử thánh của cuộc đời. Cô ấy mua một chiếc thuyền nhỏ tên “Felicity Ann” (FA) và dành hai năm chuẩn bị và tự dạy bản thân cách đi thuyền. Vào ngày 18 tháng 1 năm 1952, cô ấy khởi hành từ Flymouth, Cô ấy vẫn khá là thiếu kinh nghiệm nhưng cô bù đắp chuyện đó bằng sự dũng cảm của mình.

Với sức mạnh của tính cách, Ann và ‘FA’ đã đi qua những ngày giông bão và cô đơn. Ann Davison cuối cùng cũng đến đất liền ở Dominica vào ngày 23 tháng 1 năm 1953, trở thành người phụ nữ đầu tiên một mình băng qua Đại Tây Dương.

left      alone      sad event      courage      very bad

4. Rearrange the following events of Ann Davison's life in the order they happened.

1, She started to write. (Cô ấy bắt đầu viết.)

2. She bought "Reliance". (Cô ấy mua con thuyền “Reliance”.)

3. Her boat arrived in Dominica. (Thuyền của cô ấy đến Dominica.)

4. She learned how to fly a plane. (Cô ấy học cách lái máy bay.)

5. She luckily survived a shipwreck.  (Cô ấy may mắn sống sót sau vụ đắm tàu.)

6. She bought "Felicity Ann". (Cô ấy mua “Felicity Ann.”)

7. She left Plymouth. (Cô ấy rời Plymouth.)

5. Read the whole text again. Are the sentences True or False? Write T or F.

(Đọc lại cả bài lần nữa. Những câu sau là đúng hay sai? Viết T hoặc F.)

1. Ann always loved adventures. 

2. There were quite a few women pilots in Britain in the 1930s. 

3. "Reliance" was caught in a tsunami and was wrecked. 

4. It took Ann 2 years to prepare "Felicity Ann". 

5. Ann was not experienced at sailing, but she was brave. 

6. Ann hardly felt lonely when she was sailing across the Atlantic.

a. Read the interview about a racing car driver. What is the interview mainly about?

(Đọc cuộc phỏng vấn về một tay đua xe hơi. Cuộc phỏng vấn chủ yếu nói về điều gì?)

1. winning a race (chiến thắng một cuộc đua)

2. the dangers of racing (sự nguy hiểm của đua xe)

Interview with Laura Akers, winner of the Maple Falls GT 

• “Congratulations on winning your first race! How are you feeling?”

“I'm feeling delighted, because I've dreamed about this since I was a little girl. I'm also exhausted because it was a tiring race!”

• “Was it dangerous driving in bad weather?”

“Well, it wasn't easy! I was going very slowly around the first corner because it was very wet.”

• “Are you proud to be the first female winner?”

“Yes, I feel very proud. I've worked hard to get here, and I'm grateful for my family's passionate support. We're having a big party tonight!”

Dan Travers’s report 

• I congratulated her on winning her first race and asked how she was feeling.

She said she was feeling delighted, because she had dreamed about this since she was a little girl. She said she was also exhausted, because it had been a tiring race.

• I asked if it had been dangerous driving in bad weather.

She said it hadn't been easy, and she had been going very slowly around the first corner because it had been very wet.

• I asked if she was proud to have been the first female winner.

She said she felt very proud. She said she had worked hard to get there, and she was grateful for her family's passionate support. She said they were having a big party that night.

b. Now, read and answer the questions.

(Bây giờ, hãy đọc và trả lời các câu hỏi.)

1. Which race did Laura Akers win? 

(Laura Akers đã chiến thắng cuộc đua nào?)

The Maple Falls GT. 

2. How did she feel after winning her first race? 

(Cô ấy cảm thấy thế nào sau khi giành chiến thắng trong cuộc đua đầu tiên của mình?)

3. Who interviewed Laura? 

(Ai đã phỏng vấn Laura?)

4. What is Laura doing with her family later?

(Laura làm gì với gia đình?)

a. Read the text about Helen Gibson. Did she live a long life?

(Đọc văn bản sau về Helen Gibson. Cô ấy có sống lâu không?)

1. Yes (Có)

2. No (Không)

b. Now, read and answer the questions.

(Bây giờ, hãy đọc và trả lời các câu hỏi.)

1. Who did Helen Gibson live with?

(Helen Gibson đã sống với ai?)

2. When did Helen first perform in a show?

(Lần đầu tiên Helen biểu diễn trong một chương trình là khi nào?)

3. What was the name of the movie she first acted in?

(Tên bộ phim bà ấy đóng đầu tiên là gì?)

4. How old was she when she died?

(Bà ấy mất khi bà bao nhiêu tuổi?)

Read the text about a famous woman in history. Choose the correct answer (A, B, C, or D).

(Đọc văn bản về một phụ nữ nổi tiếng trong lịch sử. Chọn câu trả lời đúng (A, B, C hoặc D).

                                                  Emmeline Pankhurst (1858-1928)

Emmeline Pankhurst is famous for her hard work in the fight to help get British women the right to vote. Back in the 1880s, the British government wouldn't let women (1) ____________. So, many women started to fight for the (2) ____________

to vote, including Pankhurst. Some political organizations wouldn't let her join because she was a woman, so she created her own.

In 1903, she started a group called The Women's Social and Political Union. They organized events and fought for women's rights. Some members were arrested and put in prison. But that didn't (3) ____________ them. In prison, they refused to eat, but they were forced to eat by the guards.

It wasn't until after the First World War that the government (4) ____________ women to vote, but they had to be over 30 years old. Eventually, in 1928 the government decided all women over the age of 21 (5) ____________ vote.

2. Who in Exercise 1 works part-time/full-time/shifts/9-5? wears a uniform/special clothing? Earns a(n) high/average/low salary?

(Ai trong Bài tập 1 làm việc bán thời gian / toàn thời gian / theo ca / từ 9 giờ sáng đến 5 giờ chiều? mặc đồng phục / trang phục đặc biệt? Kiếm mức lương cao / trung bình / thấp?)

- Pilots work shifts. They wear a uniform and earn a high salary.

1. Read the title and look at the pictures. What do you think the text is about? Listen and read to find out.

(Đọc tiêu đề và nhìn vào bức hình. Bạn nghĩ văn bản nói về điều gì? Nghe và đọc để nhận ra.)

2. Read the text. Write C for Caroline or E for Emma. Who ...

(Đọc văn bản. Viết C cho Caroline hoặc E cho Emma. Ai...)

1. understands why few women do her job? _____

2. believes women are better at her job than men? _____

3. found clients were more comfortable working with her? _____

4. has started her own garage? _____

5. thinks people need to be strong to do her job? _____

A woman’s work is never done!

In the past, there were a number of jobs that were traditionally thought of as ‘man’s work’, but not anymore. Meet two women breaking those traditional barriers.

Caroline works as a type of camera assistant called a grip. She holds and moves the camera on a film or television set. She really enjoys her job but says it is hard work. “There’s a lot of heavy lifting that can be difficult.” She thinks the physical side of the job is why there aren’t a lot of women in this job. She found it especially difficult when she started. People thought she worked in makeup or the art department and would tell her to stay away from her camera. Now, however, they accept who she is and what she does.

Emma is a mechanic. She has always loved cars and started working unpaid in a garage when she was 27. She soon knew enough to train for a qualification. Emma thinks that women are better mechanics than men because they are calmer and more easily able to focus on problems. She has also found that a number of drivers, especially women, prefer to speak to her about their cars because they trust her more. That’s the reason she decided to open her own garage. She plans to open more garages, so she can train more women to be mechanics.

3. Read the text again and answer the questions.

(Đọc lại văn bản và trả lời các câu hỏi.)

1. What is Caroline’s job?

(Công việc của Caroline là gì?)

2. Where did people think Caroline worked when she started?

(Mọi người nghĩ Caroline làm việc ở đâu khi cô ấy mới bắt đầu?)

3. How much did Emma earn for her first job as a mechanic?

(Emma đã kiếm được bao nhiêu cho công việc đầu tiên là một thợ cơ khí?)

4. What qualities does Emma believe make women better than men as mechanics?

(Emma tin rằng những phẩm chất nào khiến phụ nữ giỏi hơn nam giới khi trở thành thợ cơ khí?)

2. Listen and read the dialogue. What is Kelly’s mum’s job?

(Nghe và đọc đoạn hội thoại. Công việc của mẹ Kelly là gì?)

Kelly: Hey! What’s up?

Lucy: I’m waiting for my mum. We’re going to a café after she finishes work!

Kelly: That’s nice! What does she do?

Lucy: She’s a bus driver. She’s very careful. How about your mum? Does she work?

Kelly: Yes, she does. My mum is a nurse. She’s very caring and she enjoys her job.

Lucy: I think it’s good that women work.

Kelly: I couldn’t agree more. Everyone should be able to have an interesting career.

Lucy: That’s true.

1. When did women in Britain gain the right to vote? Listen and read to find out.

(Phụ nữ ở Anh giành được quyền bầu cử khi nào? Nghe và đọc để nhận ra.)

VOTES FOR WOMEN

When we think of women who have led the way, we often think of people such as Marie Curie, the first woman to win the Nobel Prize, or Amelia Earhart, the first woman to fly alone across the Atlantic Ocean. But there are also times in history when women have worked together to improve the lives of other women.

This happened in the Victorian era, when women in Britain started to fight for their right to vote. Before 1918, women were not allowed to vote. From around the 1860s, groups of women started to come together to organise activities and talk about helping women to get the right to vote. In 1903, Emmeline Pankhurst set up the Women’s Social and Political Union, or WSPU. The WSPU made speeches, wrote in newspapers, and demonstrated on the streets smashing windows and setting buildings on fire. However, during World War I, the WSPU stopped their attacks and supported the government. As men were away fighting in the war, women took on many jobs that men used to do, like police officers and bus drivers. In these jobs, women showed everyone they were equal to men.

In 1918, the government finally gave women over 30 the right to vote for the first time. It was an important step in the fight for equality for women in society. However, it wasn't until ten years later, in 1928, that all women over 21 could vote as men could.

2. Read the text again and decide if each of the statements (1–5) is T (true) or F (false).

(Đọc lại văn bản và quyết định xem mỗi khẳng định (1–5) là T (đúng) hay F (sai).)

1. Amelia Earhart flew across the Atlantic Ocean on her own. _____

2. Emmeline Pankhurst established WSPU. _____

3. The WSPU changed during World War I. _____

4. Women didn’t work during World War I. _____

5. All British women were able to vote in 1918. _____

a. Read an article about Olivia Stone. What is the article mainly about?

(Đọc một bài báo về Olivia Stone. Bài báo chủ yếu nói về cái gì?)

1. how she became a firefighter 

2. what she has to do as a firefighter 

Ever since she was a small girl, Olivia Stone was passionate about helping people and animals. “Olivia always tried her best to help anyone or anything in need, that’s the kind of person she is, “ Rosamund Stone, Olivia’s mother, told Daily News. “She always wanted to be a firefighter when she was growing up. Back then, not many people thought that it was a job for women, but that didn’t stop her. She was determined to get it.”

Olivia worked very hard through high school and applied to be a firefighter shortly after her eighteenth birthday. After going through a difficult selection process and many physical tests, she was delighted to finally be accepted into the training program. However, that was just the beginning. Because of her small body type, Olivia had to overcome many more challenges, and she had to train really hard before she could become a qualified firefighter. “I am really grateful that I have a lot of support from my family, my boss, and my amazing colleagues. it makes everything so much easier, “ she said. 

Olivia’s parents said that they are worried about her dangerous job, but they also feel extremely proud. Thanks to brave women like Olivia Stone, now more and more young girls believe they could become a firefighter, too, if they are willing to work hard .

b. Read and answer the questions.

(Đọc và trả lời các câu hỏi.)

1. How did Olivia’s mom describe her as a child? (Mẹ của Olivia đã mô tả cô ấy như thế nào khi còn nhỏ?)

____________________________________________________________

2. According to Rosamund Stone, what did many people think about the firefighter job in the past? (Theo Rosamund Stone, nhiều người nghĩ gì về công việc lính cứu hỏa trong quá khứ?)

____________________________________________________________

3. What did Olivia have to do before being accepted into the firefighter training program? (Olivia đã phải làm gì trước khi được nhận vào chương trình đào tạo lính cứu hỏa?)

____________________________________________________________

4. What does Olivia think about her family, boss, and colleagues? (Olivia nghĩ gì về gia đình, sếp và đồng nghiệp của cô ấy?)

____________________________________________________________

5. How do Olivia’s parents fell about their daughter’s work? (Cha mẹ Olivia cảm thấy thế nào về công việc của con gái họ?)

____________________________________________________________

a. Read the text quickly. What do you think is the best title?

(Đọc văn bản một cách nhanh chóng. Bạn nghĩ tiêu đề phù hợp nhất là gì?)

1. An Animal Collector

2. The Woman Who Looked for the Past

Mary Anning was a famous English fossil hunter and collector. She was born in 1799 in Lyme Regis, on the south coast of England. From a young age, Mary and her brother, Joseph, collected fossils (the parts of an animal or a plant that have turned into rock) with their father. They would sell the ones they found to tourists as souvenirs in order to make some money.

When Mary was 11, her father died, leaving the family very poor. Mary continued to look for fossils in order to make money for food. In 1811, Mary and her brother found the fossil of a very strange animal. At first, people thought it was a crocodile, but scientists later discovered that the fossil was of a sea animal which lived hundreds of million years ago. It was the first time anyone had found the fossilized head of an ichthyosaurus (fish lizard).

Mary continued finding many other prehistoric animal fossils and became world famous. However, because she was a woman, she could never be a member of the Geological Society of London and was not recognized for her scientific contributions. She died in 1847, when she was 47. Mary Anning’s findings helped change the way people think about prehistoric life and the history of the Earth. In 2010, the Royal Society included her on a list of ten British women who have most influenced the history of science. 

b. Read the text again and answer the questions.

(Đọc lại văn bản và trả lời các câu hỏi.)

1. When was Mary Anning born? (Mary Anning sinh năm nào?)

____________________________________________________________

2. Why did she sell fossils to tourists? (Tại sao cô ấy lại bán hóa thạch cho khách du lịch?)

____________________________________________________________

3. What did Mary and Joseph Anning find in 1811? (Mary và Joseph Anning đã tìm thấy gì vào năm 1811?)

____________________________________________________________

4. Why was Mary Anning not recognized for her scientific contributions? (Tại sao Mary Anning không được công nhận vì những đóng góp khoa học của bà?)

____________________________________________________________

5. What list was she included on in 2010? (Cô ấy đã được đưa vào danh sách nào trong năm 2010?)

____________________________________________________________

3. Read the text. Write A for Angela, F for Florence or B for both.

(Đọc đoạn văn bản. Viết A cho Angela, F cho Florence hoặc B cho cả hai.)

Who ...

1. came from a wealthy family? _______

2. built houses for poor people? _______

3. played an important role in a charity that helps animals? _______

4. shared information with other people? _______

5. received awards from Queen Victoria? _______

Women who Changed the World

Angela Burdett-Couttswas born on April 21st, 1814 in London, England. She was one of the richest women in England, but she gave all her time and energy to charity work and helping those in need.

Angela didn't just work with charities in Britain, she also supported organisations in Canada, Africa, Australia and the Middle East. Her social work included building houses for the poor and the homeless and building schools.

Angela Burdett-Coutts also played an important part in famous charities like the National Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children (NSPCC) and the Royal Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (RSPCA). Both charities still exist today. She received lots of awards from Queen Victoria for her charitable work.

Florence Nightingalewas born on 18th May, 1820 in Florence, Italy, but grew up in London. She came from a wealthy family but spent her life working in nursing and social reform.

Florence trained as a nurse and at age 33, she was running a hospital in London. During the Crimean War, she became known as “The Lady with the Lamp’ because she always carried a lamp when she was checking on the soldiers at night. She wrote many papers to spread medical knowledge and was one of the first people to use infographics to help everyone understand difficult information through pictures. Florence received many awards from Queen Victoria for her work and today the Florence Nightingale Medal is the highest award inmursing.